{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,12]],"date-time":"2024-09-12T13:59:25Z","timestamp":1726149565939},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Antimicrob Agents Chemother"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Recently, two related chimeric genetic elements (Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            and \u03a610394.4) were shown to carry the macrolide efflux gene\n            <jats:italic>mef<\/jats:italic>\n            in\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus pyogenes<\/jats:italic>\n            (group A streptococci [GAS]). The dissemination of elements belonging to the Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\u03a610394.4 family in recent isolates of GAS,\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus dysgalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n            subsp.\n            <jats:italic>equisimilis<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Streptococcus agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n            recovered in Portugal was surveyed. In total, 149 GAS, 18\n            <jats:italic>S. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n            , 4\n            <jats:italic>S. dysgalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n            subsp.\n            <jats:italic>equisimilis<\/jats:italic>\n            , and 5\n            <jats:italic>S. agalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates from infections, presenting the M phenotype of macrolide resistance and containing the\n            <jats:italic>mef<\/jats:italic>\n            gene, were screened for the presence of Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\u03a610394.4 by PCR targeting open reading frames (ORFs) specific for these related elements. All the GAS isolates tested and one of the\n            <jats:italic>S. dysgalactiae<\/jats:italic>\n            subsp.\n            <jats:italic>equisimilis<\/jats:italic>\n            isolates carried Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3.<\/jats:italic>\n            However, neither of these elements was found in the isolates of the other streptococcal species. It was also noted that the DNAs of the isolates carrying Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            were resistant to cleavage by the endonuclease SmaI. Cloning and expression of ORF12 of Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            in\n            <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n            showed that it encoded a methyltransferase that rendered DNA refractory to cleavage by SmaI (M.Spy10394I). Using this characteristic as a marker for the presence of the Tn\n            <jats:italic>1207.3<\/jats:italic>\n            \/\u03a610394.4 family, we reviewed the literature and concluded that these genetic elements are widely distributed among tetracycline-susceptible GAS isolates presenting the M phenotype from diverse geographic origins and may have played an important role in the dissemination of macrolide resistance in this species.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.00782-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,25]],"date-time":"2006-10-25T20:58:50Z","timestamp":1161809930000},"page":"3689-3694","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["DNA Methylase Activity as a Marker for the Presence of a Family of Phage-Like Elements Conferring Efflux-Mediated Macrolide Resistance in Streptococci"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"T. 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