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The worldwide spread of drug resistance has been a major obstacle to controlling\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Plasmodium falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            malaria, and thus the study of the origin and spread of associated mutations may provide some insights into the prevention of its emergence. This study reports an analysis of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. falciparum<\/jats:named-content>\n            genetic diversity, focusing on antimalarial resistance-associated molecular markers in two socioeconomically different villages in mainland Equatorial Guinea. The present study took place 8 years after a previous one, allowing the analysis of results before and after the introduction of an artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT), i.e., artesunate plus amodiaquine. Genetic diversity was assessed by analysis of the\n            <jats:italic>Pfmsp2<\/jats:italic>\n            gene and neutral microsatellite loci.\n            <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic>\n            alleles associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance and flanking microsatellite loci were investigated, and the prevalences of drug resistance-associated point mutations of the\n            <jats:italic>Pfcrt<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n            ,\n            <jats:italic>Pfdhfr<\/jats:italic>\n            , and\n            <jats:italic>Pfdhps<\/jats:italic>\n            genes were estimated. Further, to monitor the use of ACT, we provide the baseline prevalences of K13 propeller mutations and\n            <jats:italic>Pfmdr1<\/jats:italic>\n            copy numbers. After 8 years, noticeable differences occurred in the distribution of genotypes conferring resistance to chloroquine and SP, and the spread of mutated genotypes differed according to the setting. Regarding artemisinin resistance, although mutations reported as being linked to artemisinin resistance were not present at the time, several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the K13 gene, suggesting that closer monitoring should be maintained to prevent the possible spread of artemisinin resistance in Africa.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aac.02556-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T03:09:14Z","timestamp":1477364954000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Plasmodium falciparum Genetic Diversity in Continental Equatorial Guinea before and after Introduction of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Guerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Neres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia","family":"Salgueiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Ndong-Mabale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Referencia para el Control de Endemias, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Bata, Equatorial Guinea"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Berzosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ci\u00eancias da Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0497-6532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Paula","family":"Arez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine (GHTM), Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30875\/9f925144-en"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"The health of the people: what works\u2014the African regional health report 2014","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 2014. 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