{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T00:05:40Z","timestamp":1771632340292,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,1]],"date-time":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1254355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>In streams, the release of nitrogen and phosphorus is reported to affect microbial communities and the ecological processes they govern. Moreover, the type of inorganic nitrogen (NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, or NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) may differently impact microbial communities. We aimed to identify the environmental factors that structure aquatic microbial communities and drive leaf litter decomposition along a gradient of eutrophication. We selected five circumneutral (Portuguese) and five alkaline (French) streams differing in nutrient concentrations to monitor mass loss of alder leaves, bacterial and fungal diversity by PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, fungal biomass and reproduction, and bacterial biomass during 11 weeks of leaf immersion. The concentrations of inorganic nutrients in the stream water ranged from 5 to 300 \u03bcg liter<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>soluble reactive phosphorus, 0.30 to 5.50 mg liter<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>-N, 2 to 103 \u03bcg liter<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-N, and &lt;4 to 7,100 \u03bcg liter<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>NH<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>-N. Species richness was maximum in moderately anthropized (eutrophic) streams but decreased in the most anthropized (hypertrophic) streams. Different species assemblages were found in subsets of streams with different trophic statuses. In both geographic areas, the limiting nutrient, either nitrate or phosphate, stimulated the microbial activity in streams of intermediate trophic status. In the hypertrophic streams, fungal biomass and reproduction were significantly lower, and bacterial biomass dramatically decreased at the site with the highest ammonium concentration. The limiting nutrients that defined the trophic status were the main factor structuring fungal and bacterial communities, whatever the geographic area. A very high ammonium concentration in stream water most probably has negative impacts on microbial decomposer communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.00971-09","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,1]],"date-time":"2009-08-01T01:27:43Z","timestamp":1249090063000},"page":"6211-6221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Microbial Decomposer Communities Are Mainly Structured by Trophic Status in Circumneutral and Alkaline Streams"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Sofia","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cla\u0301udia","family":"Pascoal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Fre\u0301de\u0301ric","family":"Garabe\u0301tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EcoLab, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle, UMR 5245 CNRS-UPS-INPT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31055 Toulouse, France"}]},{"given":"Fernanda","family":"Ca\u0301ssio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jean-Yves","family":"Charcosset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"EcoLab, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle, UMR 5245 CNRS-UPS-INPT, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31055 Toulouse, France"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquabot.2007.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2427.2007.01768.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/ame027029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.5.2051-2055.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","unstructured":"Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater 1998"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"460","year":"1975","unstructured":"Connell, J. 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