{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T06:39:36Z","timestamp":1761892776454},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]],"date-time":"2007-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1171497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Appl Environ Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Phaffia rhodozyma<\/jats:italic>\n            (sexual form,\n            <jats:italic>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            ) is a basidiomycetous yeast that has been found in tree exudates in the Northern Hemisphere at high altitudes and latitudes. This yeast produces astaxanthin, a carotenoid pigment with biotechnological importance because it is used in aquaculture for fish pigmentation. We isolated\n            <jats:italic>X. dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            from the Southern Hemisphere (Patagonia, Argentina), where it was associated with fruiting bodies of\n            <jats:italic>Cyttaria hariotii<\/jats:italic>\n            , an ascomycetous parasite of\n            <jats:italic>Nothofagus<\/jats:italic>\n            trees. We compared internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-based phylogenies of\n            <jats:italic>P. rhodozyma<\/jats:italic>\n            and its tree host (Betulaceae, Corneaceae, Fagaceae, and Nothofagaceae) and found them to be generally concordant, suggesting that different yeast lineages colonize different trees and providing an explanation for the phylogenetic distance observed between the type strains of\n            <jats:italic>P. rhodozyma<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>X. dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            . We hypothesize that the association of\n            <jats:italic>Xanthophyllomyces<\/jats:italic>\n            with\n            <jats:italic>Cyttaria<\/jats:italic>\n            derives from a previous association of the yeast with\n            <jats:italic>Nothofagus<\/jats:italic>\n            , and the sister relationship between Nothofagaceae and Betulaceae plus Fagaceae correlates with the phylogeny of\n            <jats:italic>X. dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            strains originating from these three plant families. The two most basal strains of\n            <jats:italic>X. dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            are those isolated from\n            <jats:italic>Cornus<\/jats:italic>\n            , an ancestral genus in the phylogenetic analysis of the host trees. Thus, we question previous conclusions that\n            <jats:italic>P. rhodozyma<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>X. dendrorhous<\/jats:italic>\n            represent different species since the polymorphisms detected in the ITS and intergenic spacer sequences can be attributed to intraspecific variation associated with host specificity. Our study provides a deeper understanding of\n            <jats:italic>Phaffia<\/jats:italic>\n            biogeography, ecology, and molecular phylogeny. Such knowledge is essential for the comprehension of many aspects of the biology of this organism and will facilitate the study of astaxanthin production within an evolutionary and ecological framework.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.01432-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,23]],"date-time":"2006-12-23T01:40:05Z","timestamp":1166838005000},"page":"1120-1125","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Biogeography, Host Specificity, and Molecular Phylogeny of the Basidiomycetous Yeast\n            <i>Phaffia rhodozyma<\/i>\n            and Its Sexual Form,\n            <i>Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Diego","family":"Libkind","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Aplicada y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche (CRUB)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET-UEb, CCT), Bariloche, R\u00edo Negro, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Ruffini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Aplicada y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche (CRUB)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET-UEb, CCT), Bariloche, R\u00edo Negro, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"van Broock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Aplicada y Biotecnolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Centro Regional Universitario Bariloche (CRUB)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y Tecnol\u00f3gicas (CONICET-UEb, CCT), Bariloche, R\u00edo Negro, Argentina"}]},{"given":"Leonor","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiol\u00f3gicos, Sec\u00e7\u00e3o Aut\u00f3noma de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Paulo","family":"Sampaio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiol\u00f3gicos, Sec\u00e7\u00e3o Aut\u00f3noma de Biotecnologia, Faculdade de Ci\u00eancias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00311214"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.55.1.116-124.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(00)84390-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1472-765X.2002.01090.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1567-1356(03)00177-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jim.2900681"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1985.tb00420.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","first-page":"4","volume":"43","year":"1989","unstructured":"Gamund\u00ed, I. 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