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The capacity of this pathogen to efficiently infect and survive inside the host depends on its ability to synchronize a complex network of virulence mechanisms. Therefore, the identification of new virulence determinants has become of paramount importance in the search of new targets for drug development. BolA-like proteins are widely conserved in all kingdoms of life. In\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Escherichia coli<\/jats:named-content>\n            , this transcription factor has a critical regulatory role in several mechanisms that are tightly related to bacterial virulence. Therefore, in the present work we used the well-established infection model\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Galleria mellonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            to evaluate the role of BolA protein in\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            . Typhimurium virulence. We have shown that BolA is an important player in\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            . Typhimurium pathogenesis. Specifically, the absence of BolA leads to a defective virulence capacity that is most likely related to the remarkable effect of this protein on\n            <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic>\n            . Typhimurium evasion of the cellular response. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that BolA has a critical role in bacterial survival under harsh conditions since BolA conferred protection against acidic and oxidative stress. Hence, we provide evidence that BolA is a determining factor in the ability of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            to survive and overcome host defense mechanisms, and this is an important step in progress to an understanding of the pathways underlying bacterial virulence.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:bold>IMPORTANCE<\/jats:bold>\n            BolA has been described as an important protein for survival in the late stages of bacterial growth and under harsh environmental conditions. High levels of BolA in stationary phase and under stresses have been connected with a plethora of phenotypes, strongly suggesting its important role as a master regulator. Here, we show that BolA is a determining factor in the ability of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            to survive and overcome host defense mechanisms, and this is an important step in progress to an understanding of the pathways underlying bacterial virulence. This work constitutes a relevant step toward an understanding of the role of BolA protein and may have an important impact on future studies in other organisms. Therefore, this study is of utmost importance for understanding the genetic and molecular bases involved in the regulation of\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Salmonella<\/jats:named-content>\n            virulence and may contribute to future industrial and public health care applications.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/aem.02850-17","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T09:49:49Z","timestamp":1517910589000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Stress Response Protein BolA Influences Fitness and Promotes Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Virulence"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Dalila","family":"Mil-Homens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Barahona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ricardo N.","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas J.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sandra N.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Centro de Qu\u00edmica F\u00edsica Molecular and Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Ars\u00e9nio M.","family":"Fialho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T\u00e9cnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Cec\u00edlia M.","family":"Arraiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Tecnologia Qu\u00edmica e Biol\u00f3gica Ant\u00f3nio Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, 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