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In contrast to other basidiomycetes, considerably less is known about the nature of the mating type (\n                    <jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) loci that control sexual reproduction in this lineage. Three genes (\n                    <jats:italic>RHA1, RHA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>RHA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) encoding precursors of the\n                    <jats:italic>MAT A1<\/jats:italic>\n                    pheromone (rhodotorucine\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) were previously identified and formed the basis for a genome walking approach that led to the identification of additional\n                    <jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes in complementary mating strains of\n                    <jats:italic>R. toruloides<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Two mating type-specific alleles encoding a p21-activated kinase (PAK; Ste20 homolog) were found between the\n                    <jats:italic>RHA2<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>RHA3<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes, and identification in\n                    <jats:italic>MAT A2<\/jats:italic>\n                    strains of a gene encoding a presumptive pheromone precursor enabled prediction of the structure of rhodotorucine\n                    <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In addition, a putative pheromone receptor gene (\n                    <jats:italic>STE3<\/jats:italic>\n                    homolog) was identified upstream of\n                    <jats:italic>RHA1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Analyses of genomic data from two closely related species,\n                    <jats:italic>Sporobolomyces roseus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Sporidiobolus salmonicolor<\/jats:italic>\n                    , identified syntenic regions that contain homologs of all the above-mentioned genes. Notably, six novel pheromone precursor genes were uncovered, which encoded, similarly to the\n                    <jats:italic>RHA<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes, multiple tandem copies of the peptide moiety. This suggests that this structure, which is unique among fungal lipopeptide pheromones, seems to be prevalent in red yeasts. Species comparisons provided evidence for a large, multigenic\n                    <jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic>\n                    locus structure in the\n                    <jats:italic>Sporidiobolales<\/jats:italic>\n                    , but no putative homeodomain transcription factor genes (which are present in all basidiomycetous\n                    <jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic>\n                    loci characterized thus far) could be found in any of the three species in the vicinity of the\n                    <jats:italic>MAT<\/jats:italic>\n                    genes identified.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/ec.00025-08","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,11]],"date-time":"2008-04-11T20:58:32Z","timestamp":1207947512000},"page":"1053-1061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Identification of Mating Type Genes in the Bipolar Basidiomycetous Yeast\n                    <i>Rhodosporidium toruloides<\/i>\n                    : First Insight into the\n                    <i>MAT<\/i>\n                    Locus Structure of the\n                    <i>Sporidiobolales<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Marco A.","family":"Coelho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiolo\u0301gicos, Departamento de Cie\u0302ncias da Vida, Faculdade de Cie\u0302ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andre\u0301","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiolo\u0301gicos, Departamento de Cie\u0302ncias da Vida, Faculdade de Cie\u0302ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Na\u0301dia","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiolo\u0301gicos, Departamento de Cie\u0302ncias da Vida, Faculdade de Cie\u0302ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"A\u0301lvaro","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiolo\u0301gicos, Departamento de Cie\u0302ncias da Vida, Faculdade de Cie\u0302ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Gonc\u0327alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Recursos Microbiolo\u0301gicos, Departamento de Cie\u0302ncias da Vida, Faculdade de Cie\u0302ncias e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.122.2.710-718.1975"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mcb.9.8.3491-3498.1989"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00446934"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.17.3389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fgb.2006.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","first-page":"1461","volume":"5","year":"1993","unstructured":"B\u00f6lker, M., and R. 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