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We used suppressive subtractive hybridization for comparative genomics between<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>strains isolated from a 5-year-old child with duodenal ulcer and from a sex- and age-matched child with gastritis only. The prevalence of the 30 tester-specific subtracted sequences was determined on a collection of<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>strains from children (15 ulcers and 30 gastritis) and from adults (46 ulcers and 44 gastritis). Two of these sequences, jhp0562 (80.0% versus 33.3%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.008) and jhp0870 (80.0% versus 36.7%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.015), were highly associated with PUD in children and a third sequence, jhp0828, was less associated (40.0% versus 10.0%,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.048). Among adult strains, none of the 30 sequences was associated with PUD. However, both jhp0562 and jhp0870 were less prevalent in adenocarcinoma strains than in PUD strains from children and adults, the difference being statistically significant for jhp0870. In conclusion, two<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>genes were identified as being strongly associated with PUD in children, and their putative roles as an outer membrane protein for jhp0870 and in lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis for jhp0562, suggest that they may be novel virulence factors of<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00123-06","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,21]],"date-time":"2006-06-21T23:10:29Z","timestamp":1150931429000},"page":"4064-4074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Identification of Markers for<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>Strains Isolated from Children with Peptic Ulcer Disease by Suppressive Subtractive Hybridization"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"74","author":[{"given":"Mo\u0301nica","family":"Oleastro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade Helicobacter\/Campylobacter, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional Sau\u0301de Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Lurdes","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidade Helicobacter\/Campylobacter, Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Nacional Sau\u0301de Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Lehours","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM ERI 10 Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie, Universite\u0301 Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France"}]},{"given":"Francis","family":"Me\u0301graud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM ERI 10 Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie, Universite\u0301 Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France"}]},{"given":"Armelle","family":"Me\u0301nard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM ERI 10 Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie, Universite\u0301 Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2002.tb11221.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1998.00770.x","volume":"28","year":"1998","unstructured":"Akopyants, N. 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