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Both genes display allelic variation yielded by polymorphisms of the genes' middle regions, with six different alleles. This study used bioinformatic and statistical analyses to evaluate whether the allelic diversity of<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>is generated by recombination. A detailed molecular analysis of the most prevalent<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>allelic variant was also performed to establish its molecular profile. The two most prevalent<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>allelic variants resulted from interallelic homologous recombination between the rarest allelic variants of each gene, with a crossover point localized in the middle of the genes, containing the allelic region. Molecular analysis of the most prevalent<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>allele revealed a geographic partition among Western and East Asian strains, more noticeable for the 5\u2032 and 3\u2032<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>regions than for the middle allelic regions. In conclusion, the diversity of the 5\u2032 and 3\u2032<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>regions reflect the strains' geographical origin, and variants likely occur via the accumulation of single nucleotide polymorphisms. On the other hand, homologous recombination seems to play an important role in the diversification of the highly polymorphic<jats:italic>homB<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>homA<\/jats:italic>allele-defining regions, where the most prevalent alleles worldwide result from genomic exchange between the rarest variants of each gene, suggesting that the resulting combinations confer biological advantages to<jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>. This phenomenon illustrates an evolutionary scenario in which recombination appears to be associated with ecological success.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.00395-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,6,5]],"date-time":"2010-06-05T02:21:30Z","timestamp":1275704490000},"page":"3961-3968","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Allelic Diversity among<i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>Outer Membrane Protein Genes<i>homB<\/i>and<i>homA<\/i>Generated by Recombination"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"192","author":[{"given":"Mo\u0301nica","family":"Oleastro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Cordeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Armelle","family":"Me\u0301nard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U853, 33076 Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"Laboratoire de Bacte\u0301riologie, Universite\u0301 Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Bordeaux, France"}]},{"given":"Joa\u0303o Paulo","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2958.1999.01382.x","volume":"32","year":"1999","unstructured":"Achtman, M., T. 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