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This bacterium, together with all Bcc strains and a few other prokaryotes, is unusual for encoding in its genome two distinct and functional Hfq-like proteins. In this work, we show results indicating that the 188-amino-acid Hfq2 protein is required for the full virulence and stress resistance of\n            <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n            <jats:italic>cenocepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            J2315, despite the presence on its genome of the functional 79-amino-acid Hfq protein encoded by the\n            <jats:italic>hfq<\/jats:italic>\n            gene. Similar to other Hfq proteins, Hfq2 is able to bind RNA. However, Hfq2 is unique in its ability to apparently form trimers\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            . Maximal transcription of\n            <jats:italic>hfq<\/jats:italic>\n            was observed in\n            <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n            .\n            <jats:italic>cenocepacia<\/jats:italic>\n            J2315 cells in the early exponential phase of growth. In contrast,\n            <jats:italic>hfq2<\/jats:italic>\n            transcription reached maximal levels in cells in the stationary phase, depending on the CepR quorum-sensing regulator. These results suggest that tight regulation of the expression of these two RNA chaperones is required to maximize the fitness and virulence of this bacterium. In addition, the ability of Hfq2 to bind DNA, not observed for Hfq, suggests that Hfq2 might play additional roles besides acting as an RNA chaperone.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.01375-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,29]],"date-time":"2011-01-29T05:23:14Z","timestamp":1296278594000},"page":"1515-1526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Second RNA Chaperone, Hfq2, Is Also Required for Survival under Stress and Full Virulence of\n            <i>Burkholderia cenocepacia<\/i>\n            J2315"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"193","author":[{"given":"Christian G.","family":"Ramos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB\u2014Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Te\u0301cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Si\u0301lvia A.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB\u2014Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Te\u0301cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Andre\u0301 M.","family":"Grilo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB\u2014Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Te\u0301cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana R.","family":"Feliciano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB\u2014Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Te\u0301cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jorge H.","family":"Leita\u0303o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IBB\u2014Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre for Biological and Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Te\u0301cnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1093\/protein\/6.4.383","volume":"6","year":"1993","unstructured":"Andrade, M. A., P. Chac\u00f3n, J. J. Merelo, and F. Mor\u00e1n. 1993. Evaluation of secondary structure of proteins from UV circular dichroism using an unsupervised learning neural network. Protein Eng. 6:383-390.","journal-title":"Protein Eng."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01652-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-2836(80)90282-X","volume":"138","year":"1980","unstructured":"Brahms, S., and J. 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