{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T13:52:08Z","timestamp":1776693128136,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,1]],"date-time":"2015-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1438387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/non-commercial-tdm-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.asm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Virol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Antimicrobial resistance constitutes one of the major worldwide public health concerns. Bacteria are becoming resistant to the vast majority of antibiotics, and nowadays, a common infection can be fatal. To address this situation, the use of phages for the treatment of bacterial infections has been extensively studied as an alternative therapeutic strategy. Since\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n            is one of the most common causes of health care-associated infections, many studies have reported the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            antibacterial efficacy of phage therapy against this bacterium. This review collects data of all the\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n            phages sequenced to date, providing a better understanding about their biodiversity. This review further addresses the\n            <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n            and\n            <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n            results obtained by using phages to treat or prevent\n            <jats:named-content content-type=\"genus-species\">P. aeruginosa<\/jats:named-content>\n            infections as well as the major hurdles associated with this therapy.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00385-15","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,14]],"date-time":"2015-05-14T02:21:41Z","timestamp":1431570101000},"page":"7449-7456","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/asmj-crossmark-policy-page","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":156,"title":["Phage Therapy: a Step Forward in the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections"],"prefix":"10.1128","volume":"89","author":[{"given":"Diana P.","family":"Pires","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Vilas Boas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Sanna","family":"Sillankorva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Azeredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEB\u2014Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO\u2014Laborat\u00f3rio de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biofilmes Ros\u00e1rio Oliveira, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal"}]}],"member":"235","reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)20383-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"Sur un microbe invisible antagoniste des bacilles dysent\u00e9riques","volume":"165","author":"d'H\u00e9relle F","year":"1917","unstructured":"d'H\u00e9relle F. 1917. Sur un microbe invisible antagoniste des bacilles dysent\u00e9riques. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci Ser D 165:373\u2013375.","journal-title":"C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci Ser D"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.10.66"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/bact.1.1.14942"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-0473-0_4","volume-title":"Pseudomonas methods and protocols","author":"Azeredo J","year":"2014","unstructured":"Azeredo J, Sillankorva S, Pires DP. 2014. Pseudomonas bacteriophage isolation and production, p 23\u201332. In Filloux A, Ramos J-L (ed), Pseudomonas methods and protocols. Humana Press, New York, NY."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305956110"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Bacteriophages: biology and applications","author":"Guttman B","year":"2004","unstructured":"Guttman B, Raya R, Kutter E. 2004. Basic phage biology, p 29\u201366. In Kutter E, Sulakvelidze A (ed), Bacteriophages: biology and applications. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Phages: their role in bacterial pathogenesis and biotechnology","author":"Little J","year":"2005","unstructured":"Little J. 2005. Lysogeny, prophage induction, and lysogenic conversion, p 37\u201354. In Waldor M, Friedman D, Adhya S (ed), Phages: their role in bacterial pathogenesis and biotechnology. ASM Press, Washington, DC."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","first-page":"1120","article-title":"Essais de th\u00e9rapeutique au moyen du bacteriophage","volume":"85","author":"Bruynoghe R","year":"1921","unstructured":"Bruynoghe R, Maisin J. 1921. Essais de th\u00e9rapeutique au moyen du bacteriophage. C R Soc Biol 85:1120\u20131121.","journal-title":"C R Soc Biol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","volume-title":"Le bact\u00e9riophage: son r\u00f4le dans l'immunit\u00e9","author":"d'H\u00e9relle F","year":"1921","unstructured":"d'H\u00e9relle F. 1921. Le bact\u00e9riophage: son r\u00f4le dans l'immunit\u00e9. Masson et Cie, Paris, France."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.45.3.649-659.2001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medmal.2008.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-394438-2.00001-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1145"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00016-10"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2010.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.121-a48"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-005-0408-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/bact.1.2.15845"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(57)90093-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/icb.1960.34"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200767030-00003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature02122"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.2005.25.10.1353"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.1.43-48.2006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0060575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-6148-9-264"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01028-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651135"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0016963"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00669-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00635-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jam.12463"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Pseudomonas genomics and molecular biology","author":"Wagner VE","year":"2008","unstructured":"Wagner VE, Filiatrault MJ, Picardo KF, Iglewski BH. 2008. Pseudomonas aeruginosa virulence and pathogenesis issues, p 129\u2013158. In Cornelis P (ed), Pseudomonas genomics and molecular biology. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00040-09"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2011.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","volume-title":"Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States","author":"CDC","year":"2013","unstructured":"CDC. 2013. Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States. CDC, Atlanta, GA."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","first-page":"177","volume-title":"Pseudomonas genomics and molecular biology","author":"Fajardo A","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fajardo A, Mart\u00ednez JL. 2008. Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas, p 177\u2013211. In Cornelis P (ed), Pseudomonas genomics and molecular biology. Caister Academic Press, Norfolk, United Kingdom."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001619"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2011.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00339-13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13213-011-0273-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010115"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.12.8298-8305.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pupt.2007.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01373-07"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/416740a"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.182.10.2675-2679.2000"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-60327-164-6_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.56.1.268-276.1985"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2005.10.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6822(95)80078-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01005-06"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0374"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2000.0501"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.2001.1288"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2011.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0106628"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resmic.2012.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.24630"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031698"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.13.47"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00757-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0047742"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00029-12"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12275-011-1512-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01646-08"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.burns.2006.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_74_2","first-page":"381","volume-title":"Bacteriophages: Biology and Applications","author":"Sulakvelidze A","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sulakvelidze A, Kutter E. 2004. Bacteriophage therapy in humans, p 381\u2013436. In Kutter E, Sulakvelidze A (ed), Bacteriophages: Biology and Applications. CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_75_2","first-page":"329","article-title":"Bacteriophage as a treatment in acute medical and surgical infections","volume":"7","author":"d'Herelle F","year":"1931","unstructured":"d'Herelle F. 1931. Bacteriophage as a treatment in acute medical and surgical infections. Bull N Y Acad Med 7:329\u2013348.","journal-title":"Bull N Y Acad Med"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-193003000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1932.01950110115011"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-010-0313-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.7.2874-2878.2005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2009.18.6.42801"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1529-1049(01)00015-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2012.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2009.01973.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004944"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_85_2","first-page":"66","article-title":"Experimental phage therapy of burn wound infection: difficult first steps","volume":"4","author":"Rose T","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rose T, Verbeken G, Vos DD, Merabishvili M, Vaneechoutte M, Lavigne R, Jennes S, Zizi M, Pirnay J-P. 2014. Experimental phage therapy of burn wound infection: difficult first steps. Int J Burns Trauma 4:66\u201373.","journal-title":"Int J Burns Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0704624104"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800442106"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.05741-11"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiotec.2004.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.2009.01588.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0030954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JB.185.3.1037-1044.2003"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1111"}],"container-title":["Journal of Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00385-15","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1128\/JVI.00385-15","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,5]],"date-time":"2022-03-05T14:04:48Z","timestamp":1646489088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/JVI.00385-15"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"S. P.","family":"Goff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"references-count":92,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1128\/JVI.00385-15"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jvi.00385-15","relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-538X","1098-5514"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-538X","type":"print"},{"value":"1098-5514","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-07-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}