{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T20:47:12Z","timestamp":1773694032040,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Geological Society of America","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>The Iberian Variscan orogen is notorious for its important granitic magmatism. New field data, petrography, U-Pb zircon geochronology (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe and chemical abrasion\u2212isotope dilution\u2212thermal ionization mass spectrometry), mineral and whole-rock geochemistry, and Sr-Nd isotope geochemistry were used to define two magmatic pulses in Northwest Iberia (Europe). The first magmatic event (324\u2212315 Ma), caused by radiogenic heat production in a thickened crust, produced syntectonic G1 granitoids formed by I- \u00b1 S-type granites\u2212granodiorites containing mafic enclaves. Lower crust metaigneous \u00b1 metasedimentary \u00b1 upper-mantle sources are inferred for these magmas. Simultaneously, important volumes of syntectonic S-type granites (G2) were produced. Neoproterozoic and early Paleozoic metasedimentary rocks and Cambrian\u2212Ordovician orthogneisses were the likely protoliths. This initial melting event reduced the fertility of the middle\u2212lower crust and conditioned the subsequent magmatic pulse (294\u2212287 Ma) that produced post-tectonic G3 and G4 granitoids in a thinner crust. Lithospheric delamination and asthenospheric upwelling are the proposed heat sources in this case. G3 includes S-type granites derived from sources that preserved fertile components. Simultaneously, a significant volume of G4, including mainly I-type granitoids, was produced by the melting of residual and unmelted sources left behind after the first melting event. These sources comprised restitic metasedimentary rocks and juvenile mafic, intermediate metaigneous rocks. Small mafic enclaves attest to the minor involvement of mantle-derived melts. This model of Variscan magmatism shows that most S-type granites initially occurred due to the presence of fertile lithologies. The depletion of these fertile protoliths conditioned the subsequent melting event, resulting in the formation of a majority of I-type granites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1130\/b38296.1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T20:00:02Z","timestamp":1766174402000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Variscan granitoid magmatism in Northwest Iberia (Europe): Age and nature of the melting events and implications for continental orogenic evolution"],"prefix":"10.1130","author":[{"given":"Luis","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Men\u00e9ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centro Nacional Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a\u2212Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Avda Real 1, 24006 Le\u00f3n, Spain"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Gallastegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Centro Nacional Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a\u2212Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Matem\u00e1tico Pedrayes 25, 33005 Oviedo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Cuesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Geology, University of Oviedo, Jes\u00fas Arias de Velasco s\/n, 33005 Oviedo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Laboratorio IBERSIMS, Centro de Instrumentaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, 18002 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"5Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, 18002 Granada, Spain"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Bea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Mineralogy and Petrology, University of Granada, Campus Fuentenueva, 18002 Granada, Spain"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Valverde-Vaquero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Centro Nacional Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a\u2212Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, C\/La Calera 1, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain"}]},{"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"D\u00edez Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Centro Nacional Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a\u2212Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Plaza de la Constituci\u00f3n 1, Planta 3, 37001 Salamanca, Spain"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro","family":"Rubio-Ord\u00f3\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Geology, University of Oviedo, Jes\u00fas Arias de Velasco s\/n, 33005 Oviedo, Spain"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez Cuadra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Centro Nacional Instituto Geol\u00f3gico y Minero de Espa\u00f1a\u2212Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas, Avda Real 1, 24006 Le\u00f3n, Spain"}]}],"member":"257","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"container-title":["Geological Society of America Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/gsa\/gsabulletin\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1130\/B38296.1\/7706716\/b38296.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/gsa\/gsabulletin\/article-pdf\/doi\/10.1130\/B38296.1\/7706716\/b38296.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T19:48:57Z","timestamp":1773690537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/gsabulletin\/article\/doi\/10.1130\/B38296.1\/723674\/Variscan-granitoid-magmatism-in-Northwest-Iberia"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130\/b38296.1","relation":{},"ISSN":["0016-7606","1943-2674"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0016-7606","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-2674","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]}}}