{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:34:35Z","timestamp":1774312475960,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infants born very preterm are at an increased risk of poor growth in the post-natal period. Poor brain growth in this critical period may result from inadequate nutrition, and has long-term effects on neurodevelopmental outcome.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the feasibility of providing macronutrients at amounts above current recommendations (hyperalimentation) to improve nutrition and head growth in preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>142 infants &lt;29 weeks' gestation were randomised to hyperalimented or standard parenteral and enteral nutrition. Growth was monitored from birth to 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). The primary outcome measure was occipitofrontal circumference (OFC) at 36 weeks' PMA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>55 infants in the intervention group and 59 infants in the control group survived to 36 weeks' PMA. 11 (16%) infants in the intervention group and 13 (18%) infants in the control group were small for gestational age (SGA). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the primary outcome measure or other growth variables. Babies in the intervention group received significantly more energy and protein, but 80% were still in a cumulative protein\/energy deficit at the end of 4 weeks. 20 (24%, p\u200a=\u200a0.008) of those in deficit at 4 weeks had an OFC of more than 2 SD below the mean at 36 weeks' PMA, as opposed to none of those not in deficit.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cumulative energy\/protein deficit is predictive of poor head growth, but the delivery of adequate intakes remains a challenge in the preterm.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.124230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]],"date-time":"2008-02-05T21:09:02Z","timestamp":1202245742000},"page":"F337-F341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Improving head growth in very preterm infants \u2013 a randomised controlled trial I: neonatal outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"M J","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R W","family":"Cooke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0221"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.5.931","article-title":"Outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants.","volume":"98","author":"Hack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(96)70309-5"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.1.143"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1416"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289803700903"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-3782(98)00052-8"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.5.986"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.2.280"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.1.e30"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(03)00044-2"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.1.e1"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.3.379"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.6.482"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-3782(77)90015-9"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.77.2.196","article-title":"Very low birth weight infants: effects of brain growth during infancy on intelligence quotient at 3 years of age.","volume":"77","author":"Hack","year":"1986","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.4.640"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.149"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.111.3.529"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-005-1756-2"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.21","first-page":"94","article-title":"Delay of catch-up growth in very low birthweight infants.","volume":"112","author":"Kuschel","year":"1999","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80028-7"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.5.922","article-title":"New postnatal growth grids for very low birth weight infants.","volume":"91","author":"Wright","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.75.5.976","article-title":"Nutritional needs of low-birth-weight infants.","volume":"75","author":"American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Nutrition","year":"1985","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.25","first-page":"S1","article-title":"Committee on Nutrition of the Preterm Infant, European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition.","volume":"336","author":"Nutrition and feeding of preterm infants","year":"1987","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Scand"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000048665.88001.0A"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2001.0058"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.28","unstructured":"Matarese LE Gottschlich MM . Contemporary nutrition support practice: a clinical guide. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1998."},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.62.8.830"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.4.647"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980228)17:4<407::AID-SIM742>3.0.CO;2-L"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13397-1"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.46.250.783"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.2.270"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.77.1.4"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0095-5108(05)70006-3"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-999459","article-title":"Tolerance of fat emulsions in very low birthweight neonates: effect of birthweight on plasma lipid concentrations.","volume":"7","author":"Brans","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.38","first-page":"319","article-title":"Parenteral lipid emulsions in paediatrics.","volume":"9","author":"Krohn","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmer K Rao SC . Early introduction of lipids to parenterally-fed preterm infants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2005;(2):CD005256.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005256"},{"key":"2025090503350453000_93.5.F337.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.82.suppl_1.A29"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2007.124230","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T10:35:15Z","timestamp":1757068515000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2007.124230"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/adc.2007.124230"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2007.124230","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,5]]}}}