{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T18:36:29Z","timestamp":1791311789431,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Group B streptococcus (GBS) is the most common isolate in mother-related infection in newborns.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the epidemiology of GBS infection in the first 90 days after birth; to determine if prophylaxis for early-onset neonatal GBS infection can be based only on risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>National epidemiological surveillance.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Between April 2001 and March 2005 active, systematic, voluntary, national surveillance was performed through the Portuguese paediatric surveillance unit. Case definition: any infant &lt;90 days of age with GBS-positive culture in any normally sterile site\u2014blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), joint aspirate. Early-onset infection defined as in the first six full days after birth.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>242 cases were reported (estimated cumulated incidence 0.54\/1000 live births (95% CI 0.47 to 0.61)). Infection occurred before day 7 in 194 babies (81%); 13% presented between days 7 and 28; 6% between days 28\u201390. The incidence of early-onset infection was 0.44\/1000 live births; 196 were term infants (81%), 160 of whom became ill before day 7; only 35 (22%) of these had one or more risk factors for infection. Overall, there were 229 positive blood cultures; 46 newborns had meningitis and 48 pneumonia. Mortality was 6.6% (16\/242); it was similar for early (6.7%) and late-onset infection (6.3%), but varied by gestation\u20144.6% for term infants, 15.2% for preterm and 18% for babies born &lt;1500 g.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>GBS infection is predominantly an early infection of the term infant. Mortality is higher in preterm and very low birthweight infants. GBS prophylaxis based on risk factors would leave untreated 78% of term babies who will present with early-onset disease.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.127464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,18]],"date-time":"2007-12-18T22:49:09Z","timestamp":1198018149000},"page":"F90-F93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Group B streptococcal disease in Portuguese infants younger than 90 days"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"M T","family":"Neto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3016.2002.00437.x"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)15389-5"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2481"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.4","unstructured":"Campbell N Eddy A Darlow B . The prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcus infection: technical report from the New Zealand GBS Consensus Working Party. N Z Med J 2004 Aug 20;117:U1023."},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199909000-00012"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.6","first-page":"299","article-title":"Estudo multic\u00eantrico da Sec\u00e7\u00e3o de Neonatologia da SPP.","volume":"30","author":"Septic\u00e9mia neonatal\u2014etiologia","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Pedi\u00e1trica Portuguesa"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.7","first-page":"260","article-title":"Mother-related infection in Portuguese newborn babies. Abstract.","volume":"11","author":"Neto","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.8","unstructured":"Almeida A Agro J Ferreira L . Streptococcus \u03b2 hemol\u00edtico do grupo B. Protocolo de rastreio e preven\u00e7\u00e3o da doen\u00e7a perinatal. Consensos Nacionais em Neonatologia. Coimbra: Sec\u00e7\u00e3o de Neonatologia da Sociedade Portuguesa de Pediatria, 2004."},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.9","unstructured":"Uitenbroek DG. Binomial. SISA. 1997. http:\/\/home.clara.net\/sisa\/binomial.htm . (Accessed 22 February 2007)"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.104.2.203"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.3.489"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7292(03)00097-3"},{"issue":"(RR7)","key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.13","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease: a public health perspective.","volume":"45","author":"Schuchat","year":"1996","journal-title":"Morb Mort Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"(RR11)","key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.14","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease.","volume":"51","author":"Schrag","year":"2002","journal-title":"Morb Mort Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)13553-2"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.16","first-page":"212","article-title":"Failure of intrapartum antibiotics to prevent culture-proved neonatal group B streptococcal sepsis.","volume":"13","author":"Ascher","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa020205"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.5.1094"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.19","first-page":"S70","article-title":"Detection of group B streptococci at delivery in mothers, placenta, and cord blood: correlation with risk factors and maternal and neonatal outcome.","volume":"97","author":"Cobva","year":"2001","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2025090510002111000_93.2.F90.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2007.03.012"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2007.127464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T17:01:42Z","timestamp":1757091702000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2007.127464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,18]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/adc.2007.127464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2007.127464","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,12,18]]}}}