{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:26:46Z","timestamp":1787509606814,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"\n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To examine socioeconomic inequalities in neonatal intensive care (NIC) admissions relating to preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), multiple births and other conditions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective review of all NIC admissions from 1996 to 2001 throughout a geographically defined region. Area deprivation indices were grouped into quintiles from least (1) to most (5) deprived. Admissions were classified by predefined hierarchical criteria.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The rate of admissions was 31.4 per 1000 births. There was a J-shaped relation with socioeconomic group (28.1 NIC admissions per 1000 in quintile 1, 34.0 in quintile 5 and below 28 in the other quintiles). The most deprived areas had a rate 19% above the regional average. The relation with socioeconomic group differed significantly according to primary reason for admission. The rates of admissions with significant prematurity (34% of all admissions) and IUGR as primary reason were highest in quintile 5 (18% and 41% above the regional average, respectively). This contrasted with the rate of admission for multiple birth which was highest in quintile 1 (45% above average). These differences provided the main explanation for the J-shaped overall curve.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n Measures to alleviate deprivation and to improve the preterm birth and IUGR rates in deprived groups would have the greatest potential to reduce inequality in need for NIC admission. Efforts to achieve targets for reduction in infant mortality need to take account of the different effects of socioeconomic inequalities for different conditions and groups of infants.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.146464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,20]],"date-time":"2009-05-20T20:14:13Z","timestamp":1242850453000},"page":"F423-F428","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Socioeconomic inequalities in neonatal intensive care admission rates"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Jenkins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"McCall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Casson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Dolk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.1","unstructured":"Comptroller and Auditor General. Caring for vulnerable babies. London: The Organisation of Neonatal Services in England, 2007. www.official-documents.gov.uk\/document\/hc0708\/hc01\/0101\/0101.asp (accessed 17 March 2009)"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2004.010371"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.071530"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.4","unstructured":"Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health. Perinatal mortality 2006: England, Wales & Northern Ireland. London: CEMACH, 2008"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.5","unstructured":"Department of Health. Tackling health inequalities: 2007. Status report on the Programme for Action. London: DH, 2007 www.dh.gov.uk\/en\/Publicationsandstatistics\/Publications\/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance\/DH_4117696 (accessed 17 March 2009)"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.090308"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.91.2.464","article-title":"Neonatal intensive care and birth weight-specific perinatal mortality in Michigan and Lorraine.","volume":"91","author":"Howell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.8","unstructured":"Dolk H, ed. Targeting social need: monitoring socioeconomic inequalities in pregnancy outcome. Final report to the Northern Ireland Research and Development Office, 2008"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.7_Spec_No.868"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.10","unstructured":"Bland M . An introduction to medical statistics. 3rd ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.11","unstructured":"House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts. Caring for vulnerable babies: the reorganisation of neonatal services in England. London: 2008. www.publications.parliament.uk\/pa\/cm200708\/cmselect\/cmpubacc\/390\/390.pdf (accessed 17 March 2009)"},{"key":"2025090514595821000_94.6.F423.12","unstructured":"Department of Health. Review of the health inequalities infant mortality PSA target. London: DH, 2009. www.dh.gov.uk\/en\/Publicationsandstatistics\/Publications\/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance\/DH_065544 (accessed 17 March 2009)"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2008.146464","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T22:30:39Z","timestamp":1757111439000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2008.146464"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,19]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/adc.2008.146464"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2008.146464","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,5,19]]}}}