{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:37:20Z","timestamp":1791275840664,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recent studies in other European countries suggest that the prevalence of congenital cryptorchidism continues to increase. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and natural history of congenital cryptorchidism in a UK centre.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between October 2001 and July 2008, 784 male infants were born in the prospective Cambridge Baby Growth Study. 742 infants were examined by trained research nurses at birth; testicular position was assessed using standard techniques. Follow-up assessments were completed at ages 3, 12, 18 and 24 months in 615, 462, 393 and 326 infants, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of cryptorchidism at birth was 5.9% (95% CI 4.4% to 7.9%). Congenital cryptorchidism was associated with earlier gestational age (p&lt;0.001), lower birth weight (p&lt;0.001), birth length (p&lt;0.001) and shorter penile length at birth (p&lt;0.0001) compared with other infants, but normal size after age 3 months. The prevalence of cryptorchidism declined to 2.4% at 3 months, but unexpectedly rose again to 6.7% at 12 months as a result of new cases. The cumulative incidence of \u201cacquired cryptorchidism\u201d by age 24 months was 7.0% and these cases had shorter penile length during infancy than other infants (p\u200a=\u200a0.003).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of congenital cryptorchidism was higher than earlier estimates in UK populations. Furthermore, this study for the first time describes acquired cryptorchidism or \u201cascending testis\u201d as a common entity in male infants, which is possibly associated with reduced early postnatal androgen activity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.150219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,19]],"date-time":"2009-06-19T20:12:39Z","timestamp":1245442359000},"page":"868-872","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["The descriptive epidemiology of congenital and acquired cryptorchidism in a UK infant cohort"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"C L","family":"Acerini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H L","family":"Miles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D B","family":"Dunger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K K","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I A","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00241.x","article-title":"Cryptorchidism: classification, prevalence and long-term consequences.","volume":"96","author":"Virtanen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15998-9"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3432709"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.5.972"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.5.1007"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.7.892"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.5446","article-title":"Temporal trends in orchidopexy, Great Britain, 1992\u20131998.","volume":"111","author":"Toledano","year":"2003","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.39.208.605"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980430)17:8<857::AID-SIM777>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.73.1.17"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)92697-7"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.295.6608.1235"},{"key":"2025072421551458000_94.11.868.13","unstructured":"Buemann B Henriksen H Villumsen AL . 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