{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:51:54Z","timestamp":1790790714068,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) with the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure (intubation, surfactant, extubation) is increasingly used. However, its effect on cerebral oxygenation and brain function is not known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To evaluate the effects of the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure in infants with RDS on regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and relative cerebral fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE) using near infrared spectroscopy and on electrical brain activity using amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sixteen infants with RDS, treated with the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure, and 16 matched controls with nCPAP, were monitored for mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, cFTOE and aEEG. Ten-minute periods were selected and averaged at 120 and 20 minutes before, during the procedure and at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 6, 12 and 24 h after the start of the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure. aEEG was analysed by quantitative and qualitative (Burdjalov score) methods.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>MABP was not different between groups on all time points. rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and cFTOE were comparable between groups, but there was a trend towards lower rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and higher cFTOE 30 minutes after opioid administration in the \u201cInSurE\u201d infants compared with controls (62% (SD 11) vs 68% (SD 10) and 0.30 (SD 0.10 ) vs 0.28 (SD 0.11), respectively). aEEG amplitudes and Burdjalov scores were significantly lower in \u201cInSurE\u201d infants from 30 minutes after opioid administration up to 24 h after the start of the procedure (p&lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In the present study, the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure did not induce perturbation of cerebral oxygen delivery and extraction, whereas electrical brain activity decreased for a prolonged period of time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2008.156414","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]],"date-time":"2009-08-13T22:14:46Z","timestamp":1250201686000},"page":"F53-F58","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Effect of the \u201cInSurE\u201d procedure on cerebral oxygenation and electrical brain activity of the preterm infant"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"E","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P M A","family":"Lemmers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M C","family":"Toet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J H G","family":"Klaessens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"van Bel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.05.003"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.06-2371"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2002.0129"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.082271"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3283"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JPN.0000299793.39538.07","article-title":"Noninvasive ventilation in the neonate.","volume":"21","author":"Askin","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Perinat Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7211754"},{"key":"2025090510460825000_95.1.F53.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevens TP Harrington EW Blennow M . 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