{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:48:41Z","timestamp":1790272121675,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To assess the risk of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) requiring treatment in different ethnic groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Retrospective observational study on ROP screening and treatment. It involved a cross-sectional review of all eligible infants over a seven-year period. Statistical tests used were the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test. Logistic regression was used to control for any differences in birth weight and gestational age.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>City Hospital and Birmingham Women's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>1690 preterm infants underwent ROP screening. Birth weight was lower in black (1142.5 g) and Asian infants (1180 g) when compared to white infants (1196.5 g). Gestational age was lower in black infants (28.5 weeks) compared to Asian and white infants (both 29 weeks). Compared to white infants, the odds of severe ROP requiring treatment was higher in Asian infants (odds ratio (OR): 2.52; 95% CI 1.41 to 4.50) and black infants (OR: 2.51; 95% CI 1.30 to 4.86). The additional risk from ethnicity was present even after adjusting for birth weight and gestational age (adjusted OR for Asian vs white infants: 2.45; 95% CI 1.334 to 4.497); (adjusted OR for black vs white infants: 2.0; 95% CI 1.004 to 4.014).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ethnicity is a risk factor for severe ROP. Asian and black infants have a higher risk of developing threshold ROP compared to white infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.160366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,30]],"date-time":"2009-11-30T20:14:59Z","timestamp":1259612099000},"page":"F174-F176","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Is ethnicity a risk factor for severe retinopathy of prematurity?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Anil KV","family":"Aralikatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arijit","family":"Mitra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alastair K O","family":"Denniston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M Sayeed","family":"Haque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew K","family":"Ewer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucilla","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.86.6.696"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Childhood blindness in the context of VISION 2020 \u2013 the right to sight","volume":"79","author":"Gilbert","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(93)31665-9","article-title":"Prognostic factors in the natural course of retinopathy of prematurity. The Cryotherapy for Retinopathy of Prematurity Cooperative Group","volume":"100","author":"Schaffer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.72.2.159","article-title":"Retinopathy of prematurity: incidence and risk factors","volume":"72","author":"Shohat","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)90820-3","article-title":"Epidemiology of retinopathy of prematurity","volume":"2","author":"Ng","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.6","unstructured":"The Report of a Joint Working Party. Retinopathy of prematurity: guidelines for screening and treatment. London: The Royal College of Ophthalmologists and British Association of Perinatal Medicine, 1995."},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1984.01040030908011"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.121.12.1684"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3129\/i07-136"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1997.01100150606005"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.159.8.771"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.12","first-page":"539","article-title":"Racial differences in the relation of birth weight and gestational age to neonatal mortality","volume":"100","author":"Alexander","year":"1985","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.76.11.1317","article-title":"Ethnic differences in preterm and very preterm delivery","volume":"76","author":"Shiono","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198709173171207"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.4.1218"},{"key":"2025090514113399000_95.3.F174.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100380170085"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2009.160366","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T21:11:46Z","timestamp":1757106706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.2009.160366"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/adc.2009.160366"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.2009.160366","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,29]]}}}