{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:24:29Z","timestamp":1790738669350,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/adc.50.3.220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,22]],"date-time":"2008-12-22T21:14:24Z","timestamp":1229980464000},"page":"220-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Leucocyte function in children with kwashiorkor."],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"E U","family":"Rosen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Geefhuysen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Joffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A R","family":"Rabson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80319-6","article-title":"Nitroblue capacity were normal. This indicates that deprestetrazolium test in children with malnutrition","volume":"81","author":"patients, however; chemotaxis; bactericidal Altay, C.; Say, B.; Dogramaci, N.; Bingol, A.","year":"1972","unstructured":"patients, however, chemotaxis and bactericidal Altay, C., Say, B., Dogramaci, N., and Bingol, A. (1972). Nitroblue capacity were normal. This indicates that deprestetrazolium test in children with malnutrition. Journal of Pediatrics, 81, 392.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_2","article-title":"sion of chemotaxis and antimicrobial ability, which","year":"1972","unstructured":"sion of chemotaxis and antimicrobial ability, which Bulletin of the World Health Organization (1972). Memorandum.","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization; Memorandum"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(72)80262-2","article-title":"Immunocompetence in undernutrition","volume":"81","author":"Chandra, R.K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Chandra, R. K. (1972). Immunocompetence in undernutrition. Journal of Pediatrics, 81, 1194.","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"121","article-title":"due to protein depletion. It is interesting to note that in the group of uninfected kwashiorkor","volume":"17","author":"patients, Douglas; D., S.; Schopfer, K.","year":"1974","unstructured":"due to protein depletion. It is interesting to note that in the group of uninfected kwashiorkor patients, Douglas, S. D., and Schopfer, K. (1974). Phagocyte function in protein-calorie malnutrition. Clinical and Experimental Immunology, 17, 121.","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology; Phagocyte function in protein-calorie malnutrition"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"523","article-title":"Abnormal Rebuck skin window response in kwashiorkor. J7ournal of","volume":"82","unstructured":"Abnormal Rebuck skin window response in kwashiorkor. J7ournal of Pediatrics, 82, 523.","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref_6","author":"Geefhuysen, J.; Rosen, E.U.; Katz, J.; Ipp, T.; Metz, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Geefhuysen, J., Rosen, E. U., Katz, J., Ipp, T., and Metz, J. (1971)."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"527","article-title":"also studied bactericidal Impaired cellular immunity in kwashiorkor with improvement after therapy","volume":"4","author":"Seth; Chandra","year":"1972","unstructured":"Seth and Chandra (1972) also studied bactericidal Impaired cellular immunity in kwashiorkor with improvement after therapy. British Medical Journal, 4, 527.","journal-title":"British Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_8","article-title":"and reported a significant decrease in killing","volume-title":"The Assessment of the Nutritional Status of the ability of neutrophils from children with kwashiorkor. Their deductions, however, were based on the","author":"activity","year":"1966","unstructured":"activity, and reported a significant decrease in killing Jelliffe, D. B. (1966). The Assessment of the Nutritional Status of the ability of neutrophils from children with kwashiorkor. Their deductions, however, were based on the"},{"key":"ref_9","first-page":"73","article-title":"Polymorphonuclear leucocyte results of a group of patients in whom infection was not taken into account, as compared with normal activity in malnourished children","volume":"18","author":"Kendall, A.C.; Nolan, R.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Kendall, A. C., and Nolan, R. (1972). Polymorphonuclear leucocyte results of a group of patients in whom infection was not taken into account, as compared with normal activity in malnourished children. Central African Journal of Medicine, 18, 73.","journal-title":"Central African Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"302","article-title":"Classification of infantile malnutrition","volume":"2","author":"Lancet","year":"1970","unstructured":"Lancet (1970). Classification of infantile malnutrition, 2, 302."},{"key":"ref_11","article-title":"healthy children and adults. We have shown that","author":"McCall, C.E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"healthy children and adults. We have shown that McCall, C. E., Caves, J., Cooper, R., and DeChatelet, L. (1971)."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"68","article-title":"this is an invalid comparison and therefore cannot Functional characteristics of human toxic neutrophils","volume":"124","unstructured":"this is an invalid comparison and therefore cannot Functional characteristics of human toxic neutrophils. journal of Infectious Diseases,124, 68.","journal-title":"journal of Infectious"},{"key":"ref_13","article-title":"agree with their conclusions. Our results are","volume-title":"Polymorphonuclear leucocyte comparable with those of Douglas and Schopfer","author":"Mowat, A.G.; Baum, J.","year":"1971","unstructured":"agree with their conclusions. Our results are Mowat, A. G., and Baum, J. (1971). Polymorphonuclear leucocyte comparable with those of Douglas and Schopfer (1974) whose interpretation, however, is different."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"532","article-title":"Infection Although they express their results in such a way that there appears to be a defect in the killing ability of neutrophils from kwashiorkor patients, their results indicate that PMNs from these patients do kill 90-99% of bacteria in only 60 minutes. As the details of their quantitative studies are not given, it is difficult to assess the significance of the difand nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction by neutrophils","volume":"2","author":"Park, B.H.; Fikrig, S.M.; Smithwick, E.M.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Park, B. H., Fikrig, S. M., and Smithwick, E. M. (1968). Infection Although they express their results in such a way that there appears to be a defect in the killing ability of neutrophils from kwashiorkor patients, their results indicate that PMNs from these patients do kill 90-99% of bacteria in only 60 minutes. As the details of their quantitative studies are not given, it is difficult to assess the significance of the difand nitroblue-tetrazolium reduction by neutrophils. Lancet, 2, 532.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105568","article-title":"In vitro bactericidal capacity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: diminished activity in chronic granulomatous disease of childhood","volume":"46","author":"Quie, P.G.; White, J.G.; Holmes, B.; Good, R.A.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Quie, P. G., White, J. G., Holmes, B., and Good, R. A. (1967). In vitro bactericidal capacity of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: diminished activity in chronic granulomatous disease of childhood. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 46, 668.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"980","article-title":"Immunoglobulin levels in protein calorie malnutrition","volume":"45","author":"Rosen, E.U.; Geefhuysen, J.; Ipp, T.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Rosen, E. U., Geefhuysen, J., and Ipp, T. (1971). Immunoglobulin levels in protein calorie malnutrition. South African Medical Journal, 45, 980.","journal-title":"South African Medical Journal"},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"Interferences which they claim exist between the actions of Nutrition and Infection. World Health Organization, bactericidal ability of 5 kwashiorkor patients and a Monograph Series No","author":"Scrimshaw, N.S.; Taylor, C.E.; Gordon, J.E.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Scrimshaw, N. S., Taylor, C. E., and Gordon, J. E. (1968). Interferences which they claim exist between the actions of Nutrition and Infection. World Health Organization, bactericidal ability of 5 kwashiorkor patients and a Monograph Series No. 57. W.H.O., Geneva."},{"key":"ref_18","article-title":"Opsonic activity, phagogroup of control children","author":"Seth, V.; Chandra, R.K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Seth, V., and Chandra, R. K. (1972). Opsonic activity, phagogroup of control children."},{"key":"ref_19","author":"Sher, R.; Anderson, R.; Rabson, A.R.; Koornhof, H.J.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Sher, R., Anderson, R., Rabson, A. R., and Koornhof, H. J. (1974)."},{"key":"ref_20","article-title":"Nitro blue tetrazolium test in the quality of PMN function is normal in kwashiorkor. We further conclude that any abnormality in PMN chemotaxis or killing ability is primarily due to infection and not to protein depletion","author":"Shousha, S.; Kamel, K.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Shousha, S., and Kamel, K. (1972). Nitro blue tetrazolium test in the quality of PMN function is normal in kwashiorkor. We further conclude that any abnormality in PMN chemotaxis or killing ability is primarily due to infection and not to protein depletion."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.25.6.494","article-title":"children with kwashiorkor with a comment on the use of latex particles in the test","volume":"25","unstructured":"children with kwashiorkor with a comment on the use of latex particles in the test. journal of Clinical Pathology, 25, 494.","journal-title":"journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"1016","article-title":"Complement and C3-proactivator levels in children with protein-calorie malnutrition and effect of dietary treatment","volume":"1","author":"Sirisinha, S.; Suskind, R.; Edelman, R.; Charupatana, C.; Olsen, R.E.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Sirisinha, S., Suskind, R., Edelman, R., Charupatana, C., and Olsen, R. E. (1973). Complement and C3-proactivator levels in children with protein-calorie malnutrition and effect of dietary treatment. Lancet, 1, 1016.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_23","first-page":"939","article-title":"Thymolymphatic deficiency and depression of cell-mediated immunity in protein-calorie malnutrition","volume":"2","author":"A., M.; Vos, G.H.","year":"1971","unstructured":"M. A., and Vos, G. H. (1971). Thymolymphatic deficiency and depression of cell-mediated immunity in protein-calorie malnutrition. Lancet, 2, 939.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(72)92022-3","article-title":"Neutrophil granulocyte function in bacterial infections","volume":"2","author":"Solberg, C.O.; Hellum, K.B.","year":"1972","unstructured":"Solberg, C. O., and Hellum, K. B. (1972). Neutrophil granulocyte function in bacterial infections. Lancet, 2, 727.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"59","article-title":"Chemotaxis of phagocytic cells towards proteins: the effect of protein denaturation. The Reticuloendothelial System and Immune Phenomena","author":"Wilkinson, P.C.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Wilkinson, P. C. (1971). Chemotaxis of phagocytic cells towards proteins: the effect of protein denaturation. The Reticuloendothelial System and Immune Phenomena, p. 59. Ed. by N. R. Di Luzio and K. Flemming. Plenum Press, New York."}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.50.3.220","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,26]],"date-time":"2020-09-26T09:04:23Z","timestamp":1601111063000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.50.3.220"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.50.3.220","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9888","1468-2044"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9888","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2044","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1975,3,1]]}}}