{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:09:11Z","timestamp":1777356551154,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>AIM<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe 21 cases of symptomatic rickets in adolescents.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The setting was a primary and secondary care hospital in Saudi Arabia providing medical care to Saudi Arab company employees and their families. Cases of symptomatic rickets diagnosed between January 1996 and December 1997 in adolescents aged 10 to 15 years were assessed with respect to clinical presentation, biochemical and radiological evaluation, dietary assessment, and estimation of sun exposure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptomatic rickets developed in 21 adolescents (20 females), with a prevalence rate of 68 per 100\u2009000 children years. Presentation included carpopedal spasms (n\u2009=\u200912), diffuse limb pains  (n\u2009=\u20096), lower limbs deformities (n\u2009=\u20092), and generalised weakness (n\u2009=\u20091). Biochemical findings included hypocalcaemia (n\u2009=\u200919), hypophosphoraemia (n\u2009=\u20099), raised serum alkaline phosphatase (n\u2009=\u200921) and parathormone (n\u2009=\u20097), and reduced 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations (n\u2009=\u20097). Radiological studies were suggestive of rickets in only eight children. All children had an inadequate dietary calcium and vitamin D intake. All but one had less than 60 minutes sun exposure per day.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Even in sunny climates, adolescents, especially females, can be at risk of rickets. Hypocalcaemic tetany and limb pains were the most common presenting symptoms. Radiological evidence was not present in every case.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.84.6.501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:32:32Z","timestamp":1027765952000},"page":"501-503","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Symptomatic rickets in adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"H","family":"Narchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"El Jamil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Kulaylat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.48.3.221"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199309000-00008","article-title":"Osteopetrorickets. The paradox of plenty. Pathophysiology and treatment.","volume":"(294)","author":"Kaplan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(95)70215-6"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.4","first-page":"461","article-title":"Vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone and sunlight in Turkish, Moroccan and Caucasian children in The Netherlands.","volume":"44","author":"Meulmeester","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.5","first-page":"413","article-title":"The importance of limited exposure to ultraviolet radiation and dietary factors in the aetiology of Asian rickets: a risk-factor model.","volume":"63","author":"Henderson","year":"1987","journal-title":"QJM"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1995.11747789","article-title":"Nutritional rickets in Calabar, Nigeria.","volume":"15","author":"Ekanem","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1995.11747751","article-title":"Nutritional vitamin D deficiency rickets in Sudanese children.","volume":"15","author":"el Hag","year":"1995","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1080\/02724936.1989.11748616","article-title":"Vitamin-D-deficiency rickets in Kuwait: the prevalence of a preventable disease.","volume":"9","author":"Lubani","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Trop Paediatr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.9","first-page":"315","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in veiled Kuwaiti women.","volume":"50","author":"el-Sonbaty","year":"1996","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/38.1.129","article-title":"Sunlight and vitamin D status in normal Saudi subjects.","volume":"38","author":"Sedrani","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80509-6"},{"key":"2021071919401734000_84.6.501.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198407000-00011","article-title":"Vitamin D metabolism and anticonvulsant therapy: effect of sunshine on incidence of osteomalacia.","volume":"77","author":"Williams","year":"1984","journal-title":"South Med J"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.84.6.501","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T02:40:39Z","timestamp":1626748839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/adc.84.6.501"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/adc.84.6.501"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/adc.84.6.501","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-9888","1468-2044"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-9888","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2044","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]}}}