{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T14:36:34Z","timestamp":1788791794797,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>BACKGROUND<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) affects respiratory muscles, which in addition to progressive scoliosis leads to respiratory impairment. Children with developing scoliosis are usually treated with spinal bracing to delay the progress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>AIMS<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the impact of body position and application of spinal bracing on lung function during tidal breathing in children with SMA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec sec-type=\"methods\"><jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung function was determined by tidal flow volume loops and passive respiratory mechanics (single breath occlusion technique) in all eight children in southern Norway with SMA type I and II, in both the sitting and supine position. Additional measurements were performed with and without bracing in five children. Muscle strength was assessed by the Brooks scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tidal expiratory volume (V<jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>) and compliance of the respiratory system (CRS) tended to be higher in the sitting compared to the supine position, but this was not statistically significant. However, applying bracing in the sitting position significantly reduced V<jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>. The highest values of CRS and V<jats:sub>E<\/jats:sub>were found in the sitting position without bracing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>Impairment of tidal respiration must be considered when applying spinal bracing in very young children developing scoliosis with SMA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.84.6.521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T10:32:32Z","timestamp":1027765952000},"page":"521-524","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Lung function measurements in young children with spinal muscle atrophy; a cross sectional survey on the effect of position and bracing"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"S E","family":"Tangsrud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K C L\u00f8drup","family":"Carlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Lund-Petersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K-H","family":"Carlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1989.tb04029.x","article-title":"Scoliosis in spinal muscular atrophy: natural history and management.","volume":"31","author":"Merlini","year":"1989","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.1988.tb02854.x","article-title":"Child neuromuscular disease in Southern Norway.","volume":"34","author":"Tangsrud","year":"1988","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.3","unstructured":"Dubowitz V (1978) Muscle disease in childhood. (Saunders, Philadelphia), p 253."},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.61.2.178"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181A","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.20.2.175","article-title":"Regional lung function in kyphoscoliosis.","volume":"20","author":"Dollery","year":"1965","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658010-00005","article-title":"The orthopaedic aspects of spinal muscular atrophy.","volume":"58A","author":"Schwentker","year":"1976","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307388900400208"},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.8","unstructured":"L\u00f8drup Carlsen KC. Tidal breathing analysis in infants and preschool children: tidal flow-volume loops. In: Zach M, Carlsen K-H, Warner JO, et al, eds.European Respiratory Monograph, No. 5. 1997:27\u201357."},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.9","unstructured":"Cobb JR (1948) Outline for the study of scoliosis, instructional course lectures. No. 5. (American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, USA), pp 261\u2013275."},{"key":"2021071919402794000_84.6.521.10","unstructured":"Medical Research Council (1943) Aids to the investigation of peripheral nerve injuries. War Memorandum. 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