{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T23:53:51Z","timestamp":1780444431489,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To compare antemortem cranial MRI with postmortem histopathological examination of the brain in full-term infants with neonatal encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this retrospective observational cohort study, 23 infants with neonatal encephalopathy who subsequently died, were analysed. Infants underwent antemortem cranial MRI and postmortem histopathological examination of the brain. MRI included T1, T2 and diffusion-weighted sequences. Histopathology included staining with H&amp;E, and monoclonal antibodies to CD68 and HLA-DR. Histological abnormalities were compared with MRI in 10 different brain regions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All neonates underwent cranial MRI within 7\u2005days after birth (median day 3, IQR 2\u20134\u2005days). Infants died on median day 4 (IQR 2\u20135\u2005days). Histopathology demonstrated significantly (p=0.0016) more abnormal regions (median 10, IQR 7\u201310) per patient than did MRI (median 8, IQR 5\u20139). The number of cases with abnormalities in the thalamus, basal ganglia, posterior limb of the internal capsule (PLIC), cerebral cortex and cerebellum were not significantly different between MRI and histopathology. By contrast, the hippocampus (70% vs 96%, p=0.047), cerebral white matter (anterior 65% vs 96%, p=0.022, posterior 61% vs 91%, p=0.035) and brainstem (57% vs 96%, p=0.004) were confirmed to be affected more often on histopathological examination than with MRI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whereas early postnatal MR imaging is excellent in detecting injury to the basal ganglia and thalamus, PLIC, cortex and cerebellum, it may underestimate injury to the hippocampus, cerebral white matter, and the brainstem in term infants with neonatal encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-301768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]],"date-time":"2012-11-21T21:53:39Z","timestamp":1353534819000},"page":"F304-F309","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Antemortem cranial MRI compared with postmortem histopathologic examination of the brain in term infants with neonatal encephalopathy following perinatal asphyxia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Alderliesten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital\/University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G J","family":"Nikkels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manon J N L","family":"Benders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital\/University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda S","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital\/University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Groenendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital\/University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2010.09.011"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)90237-5"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-39599"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-979764","article-title":"Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in neonatal stroke","volume":"26","author":"Groenendaal","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-010-0674-9"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.2.323"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.11110213"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.8","first-page":"1343","article-title":"Reproducibility and accuracy of MR imaging of the brain after severe birth asphyxia","volume":"20","author":"Jouvet","year":"1999","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-20403","article-title":"Neonatal diffusion-weighted MR imaging: relation with histopathology or follow-up MR examination","volume":"32","author":"Roelants-van Rijn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuropediatrics"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1976.00500100030012"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.092114"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2006.06.002"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0136"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.14","first-page":"143","article-title":"Prediction of neuromotor outcome in perinatal asphyxia: evaluation of MR scoring systems","volume":"19","author":"Barkovich","year":"1998","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1988.02150080064025"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050520"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12658-X"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/PDR.0b013e3181fcbef3"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.2.361"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-10"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp0707996"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.22","unstructured":"Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH) 2009 . Confidential Enquiry into Maternal and Child Health (CEMACH): Perinatal Mortality 2007: United Kingdom . Dorchester, Dorset Press, 2009."},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)02287-8"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.24","first-page":"22","article-title":"Postmortem MR imaging of the fetal and stillborn central nervous system","volume":"24","author":"Griffiths","year":"2003","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2009.10.007"},{"key":"2025090511065259000_98.4.F304.26","unstructured":"Thayyil S Robertson NJ Chitty LS . Protocol 08PRT\/5409: Postmortem magnetic resonance imaging in the fetus, infant, and child: a comparative study with conventional autopsy (UKCRN: 6794):01-08-2011."}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2012-301768","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T18:33:34Z","timestamp":1757097214000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2012-301768"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/archdischild-2012-301768"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2012-301768","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,21]]}}}