{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T07:21:54Z","timestamp":1768720914735,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Incorrectly positioned umbilical venous and arterial catheters (UVC and UAC) are associated with increased rates of complications in newborns. Catheter insertion depth is often estimated using body surface measurement. We wished to determine whether estimating insertion depth of umbilical catheters using birth weight (BW), rather than surface measurements, results in more correctly positioned catheters.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Interventions\/outcome<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Newborns were randomised to have UVC and UAC insertion depth estimated using formulae based on BW or using graphs based on shoulder-umbilicus length. The primary outcome was correct catheter tip position on X-ray determined by one radiologist masked to group assignment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>UVC insertion was successful in 97\/101 (96%) infants but the catheter was not advanced to the estimated depth in 22. There was no difference in the proportion of correctly positioned UVCs between groups (weight 16\/51 (31%) vs measurement 13\/46 (28%), p=0.826). The tips of 52 (54%) UVCs were in the portal venous system or too low on X-ray. Attempted UAC insertion was successful in 62\/87 (71%) infants. More infants in the weight group had a correctly positioned UAC tip (weight 29\/32 (91%) vs measurement 15\/30 (50%), p=0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>UVCs were often not inserted to the estimated depth, and their tips were in the portal venous system or too low on X-ray. Using BW to estimate insertion depth did not result in more correctly positioned UVCs. UAC insertion attempts were often unsuccessful, but when successful, using BW to estimate insertion depth resulted in more correctly positioned catheters.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Trial registration number<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>(<jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"isrctn\" xlink:href=\"17864069\">ISRCTN17864069<\/jats:ext-link>).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-307668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,11]],"date-time":"2015-08-11T22:29:31Z","timestamp":1439332171000},"page":"10-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Estimating umbilical catheter insertion depth in newborns using weight or body measurement: a randomised trial"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"101","clinical-trial-number":[{"clinical-trial-number":"isrctn17864069","registry":"10.18810\/isrctn"}],"author":[{"given":"Emily A","family":"Kieran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eoghan E","family":"Laffan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Colm P F","family":"O'Donnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, The National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"National Children's Research Centre, Dublin, Ireland"},{"name":"School of Medicine & Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.42.5.769","article-title":"Advantages and complications of umbilical artery catheterization in the newborn","volume":"42","author":"Cochran","year":"1968","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.43.229.382"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1971.02100140079005"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.40.212.426"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80165-1"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.52.6.520"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F146","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.85.2.F145b","article-title":"Placement of neonatal central venous catheter tips in the right atrium: a practice to be avoided?","volume":"85","author":"Darling","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7210541"},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.9","unstructured":"Department of Health (UK). Review of the deaths of four babies due to cardiac tamponade associated with the presence of central venous catheter. 2001. https:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/+\/www.dh.gov.uk\/en\/publicationsandstatistics\/Publications\/PublicationsPolicyAndGuidance\/DH_4082465 (accessed 1 Feb 2012 and 28 Jan 2014)."},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.10","unstructured":"Gomella TL , Cunningham MD , Eyal FG , et al . Neonatology, management, procedures, on-call problems, diseases and drugs. 5th edn. Lange Medical books\/McGraw-Hill, 2005."},{"key":"2025090514191873000_101.1.10.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrington KJ . Umbilical artery catheters in the newborn: effects of position of the catheter tip. 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