{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T06:30:15Z","timestamp":1778221815392,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,3]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) is clinically suspected and confirmed by echocardiographic examination. A hsPDA decreases cerebral blood flow and oxygen saturation by the ductal steal phenomenon.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To determine the relationship between echocardiographic parameters, cerebral oxygenation and a hsPDA in preterm infants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>380 preterm infants (&lt;32\u2005weeks gestational age) born between 2008 and 2010 were included. Blinded echocardiographic examination was performed on the second, fourth and sixth day after birth. Examinations were deblinded when hsPDA was clinically suspected. Regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) was continuously monitored by near-infrared spectroscopy during 72\u2005h after birth, and afterwards for at least 1\u2005h before echocardiography. Echocardiographic parameters included ductal diameter, end-diastolic flow in the left pulmonary artery, left atrium\/aorta ratio and ductal flow pattern.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was significantly related only to ductal diameter over time. Mixed modelling analysed the course of rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> over time, where infants were divided into four groups: a closed duct, an open haemodynamically insignificant duct (non-sPDA), a hsPDA, which was successfully closed during study period (SC hsPDA) or a hsPDA, which was unsuccessfully closed during study period (UC hsPDA). SC hsPDA infants showed the highest rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> on day 6, while UC hsPDA infants had the lowest rScO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> values.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ductal diameter is the only echocardiographic parameter significantly related to cerebral oxygenation over time. Cerebral oxygenation takes a different course over time depending on the status of the duct. Low cerebral oxygenation may be suggestive of a hsPDA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2015-309192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T23:19:02Z","timestamp":1459466342000},"page":"F520-F526","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Cerebral oxygenation and echocardiographic parameters in preterm neonates with a patent ductus arteriosus: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Laura","family":"Dix","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mirella","family":"Molenschot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Breur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Willem","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Vijlbrief","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Groenendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, 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