{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:23:59Z","timestamp":1790115839893,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Ultrashort bowel syndrome (USBS) is a group of heterogeneous disorders where the length of small bowel is less than 10 cm or 10% of expected for the age. It is caused by massive loss of the gut which in the neonatal period can be a result of vanishing gastroschisis or surgical resection following mid-gut volvulus, jejunoileal atresia and\/or extensive necrotising enterocolitis. The exact prevalence of USBS is not known although there is a clear trend towards increasing numbers because of increased incidence and improved survival. Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) is the mainstay of treatment and is best delivered by a multidisciplinary intestinal rehabilitation team. Promoting adaptation is vital to improving long-term survival and can be achieved by optimising feeds, reducing intestinal failure liver disease and catheter-related bloodstream infections. Surgical techniques that can promote enteral tolerance and hence improve outcome include establishing intestinal continuity and bowel lengthening procedures. The outcome for USBS is similar to patients with intestinal failure due to other causes and only a small proportion of children who develop irreversible complications of PN and will need intestinal transplantation. In this review, we will summarise the available evidence focusing particularly on the epidemiology, management strategies and outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]],"date-time":"2017-09-02T20:30:16Z","timestamp":1504384216000},"page":"F551-F556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Epidemiology, management and outcome of ultrashort bowel syndrome in infancy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Akshay","family":"Batra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon Charlie","family":"Keys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wessex Regional Pediatric Surgery, Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark John","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatal Medicine, Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wessex Regional Pediatric Surgery, Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert Mark","family":"Beattie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Southampton Children\u2019s Hospital, Southampton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200308000-00010"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2012.03.062"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3046.2001.005002080.x"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2004.02.030"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31802c6971"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2015.05.012","article-title":"Long-term health-related quality of life of patients with pediatric onset intestinal failure","volume":"50","author":"Mutanen","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2004.01.036"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000242"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1674","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13147","article-title":"Pediatric intestinal transplant listing criteria-a call for a change in the new era of intestinal failure outcomes","volume":"15","author":"Burghardt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/clnu.2000.0132"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-02-0091","article-title":"Significant association with location of central venous line placement and risk of venous thrombosis in children","volume":"94","author":"Male","year":"2005","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2013.09.001"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2025090512405343000_102.6.F551.13","first-page":"S1","article-title":"1. 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