{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T14:56:46Z","timestamp":1790089006696,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Manual resuscitation devices for infants and newborns must be able to provide adequate ventilation in a safe and consistent manner across a wide range of patient sizes (0.5\u201310\u2005kg) and differing clinical states. There are little comparative data assessing biomechanical performance of common infant manual resuscitation devices across the manufacturers\u2019 recommended operating weight ranges. We aimed to compare performance of the Ambu self-inflating bag (SIB) with the Neopuff T-piece resuscitator in three resuscitation models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five experienced clinicians delivered targeted ventilation to three lung models differing in compliance, delivery pressures and inflation rates; Preterm (0.5\u2005mL\/cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 25\/5 cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 60 per minute), Term (3\u2005mL\/cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 30\/5 cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 40 per minute) and Infant (9\u2005mL\/cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 35\/5 cmH\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O, 30 per minute). The Neopuff was examined with three gas inflow rates (5 litres per minute (LPM), 10 LPM and 15 LPM) and the Ambu with no gas inflow.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3309 inflations were collected and analysed with analysis of variance for repeated measures. The Neopuff was unable to reach set peak inflation pressures and exhibited seriously elevated positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) with all inflow gas rates (p&lt;0.001) in this infant model. The Ambu SIB accurately delivered targeted pressures in all three models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Ambu SIB was able to accurately deliver targeted pressures across all three models from preterm to infant. The Neopuff infant resuscitator was unable to deliver the targeted pressures in the infant model developing clinically significant levels of inadvertent PEEP which may pose risk during infant resuscitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311830","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,24]],"date-time":"2016-12-24T14:40:34Z","timestamp":1482590434000},"page":"F333-F338","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Can Ambu self-inflating bag and Neopuff infant resuscitator provide adequate and safe manual inflations for infants up to 10\u2005kg weight?"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Tracy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Sydney University, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajesh","family":"Maheshwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dharmesh","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Murray","family":"Hinder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.10.041"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305704"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-3373G"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.4","unstructured":"International Standards Organisation. ISO 10651.4-2004 Lung Ventilators for Medical Use Part 4: particular requirements for operator-powered resuscitators. International Standards Organisation, 2004."},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.5","unstructured":"International Standards Organisation. ISO 10651-5-2006 Lung Ventilators for Medical Use Part 5: particular requirements for gas powered resuscitators. 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New South Wales Health Australia. 2016 (updated 5\/7\/2016). http:\/\/www.resus4kids.com.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/elearning\/neopuff1\/multiscreen.html (accessed 5 Jul 2016)."},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.10.1431"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1984.02140490071018"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1950130304"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.22","unstructured":"Neopuff Infant T-Piece Resuscitator 900 Series Operating Instructions (PDF). Fisher & Paykel Healthcare NZ. 2016 (updated 5\/5\/2016). Ref 185041726 Rev I EN2011-10. https:\/\/www.fphcare.com.au\/CMSPages\/GetFile.aspx?guid=b7a71160-cdef-4858-83e9-2a859a8ef36e (accessed 5 May 2016)."},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.23","unstructured":"Ambu PEEP Valves Data Sheet (PDF). Ambu Baltorpbakken 13 DK-2750 Ballerup. 2012 (updated 8\/6\/2016). http:\/\/www.ambuaustralia.com.au\/australia\/anaesthesia\/resuscitators\/ambu%C2%AE_peep_valves-disposable_and_reusable.aspx (accessed 8 Jun 2016)."},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F195","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2009.169847","article-title":"Mask leak in one-person mask ventilation compared to two-person in newborn infant manikin study","volume":"96","author":"Tracy","year":"2011","journal-title":"ArchDisChild Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80835-6"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.26","unstructured":"Goldsmith JP , Karotkin EH . Assisted ventilation of the Neonate. 3rd edn. W.B. Saunders, 1996."},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(86)80845-9"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.81.2.F152"},{"key":"2025090511123654000_102.4.F333.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hinder M , Jani P , Priyadarshi A , et al . Neopuff T-piece resuscitator: does device design affect delivered ventilation? 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