{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T17:39:02Z","timestamp":1771263542066,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"2","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004752","name":"State Government of Victoria","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004752","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Volume-targeted ventilation (VTV) is widely used and may reduce lung injury, but this assumes the clinically set tidal volume (V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>) is accurately delivered. This prospective observational study aimed to determine the relationship between V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>, expiratory V<jats:sub>T<\/jats:sub> (V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub>) and endotracheal tube leak in a modern neonatal \u00advolume-targeted ventilator (VTV) and the resultant partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) relationship with and without VTV.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Continuous inflations were recorded for 24\u2009hours in 100 infants, mean (SD) 34 (4) weeks gestation and 2483 (985) g birth weight, receiving synchronised mechanical ventilation (SLE5000, SLE, UK) with or without VTV and either the manufacturer\u2019s V4 (n=50) or newer V5 (n=50) VTV algorithm. The V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>, V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> and leak were determined for each inflation (maximum 90\u2009000\/infant). If PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was sampled (maximum of 2 per infant), this was compared with the average V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> data from the preceding 15\u2009min.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 7\u2009497\u2009137 inflations were analysed. With VTV enabled (77 infants), the V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>\u2212V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> bias (95%\u2009CI) was 0.03 (\u22120.12 to 0.19) mL\/kg, with a median of 80% of V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> being \u00b11.0\u2009mL\/kg of V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>. Endotracheal tube leak up to 30% influenced V<jats:sub>Tset<\/jats:sub>\u2212V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> bias with the V4 (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=\u22120.64, p&lt;0.0001; linear regression) but not V5 algorithm (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.04, p=0.21). There was an inverse linear relationship between V<jats:sub>Te<\/jats:sub> and PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> without VTV (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.26, p=0.004), but not with VTV (r<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>=0.04, p=0.10), and less PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> within 40\u201360\u2009mm\u2009Hg, 53% versus 72%, relative risk (95%\u2009CI) 1.7 (1.0 to 2.9).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>VTV was accurate and reliable even with moderate leak and PaCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> more stable. VTV algorithm differences may exist in other devices.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]],"date-time":"2017-06-28T20:50:10Z","timestamp":1498683010000},"page":"F120-F125","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Volume guaranteed? Accuracy of a volume-targeted ventilation mode in infants"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Olivia","family":"Farrell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J","family":"Perkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martijn","family":"Miedema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Neonatology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joel Don","family":"Paul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prue M","family":"Pereira-Fantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David Gerald","family":"Tingay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Research, Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Neonatology, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.157.1.9604014"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2012.02532.x"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm\/137.5.1159"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.5.8173774"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wheeler K , Klingenberg C , McCallion N , et al . Volume-targeted versus pressure-limited ventilation in the neonate. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010:CD003666.doi:10.1002\/14651858.CD003666.pub3","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003666.pub3"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.05.043"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-006-0450-9"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.1091"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.6.1323"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20063"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2007.126284"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2006.05.013"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2005.00695.x"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)61602-X"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-011-2157-9"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199709000-00016"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2015-0127OC","article-title":"Spatiotemporal aeration and lung Injury patterns are Influenced by the First inflation strategy at Birth","volume":"54","author":"Tingay","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"2025090513343347000_103.2.F120.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04569"}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312640","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T20:34:38Z","timestamp":1757104478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312640"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312640"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-312640","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,28]]}}}