{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T02:30:12Z","timestamp":1785465012965,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"BMJ","issue":"5","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The objective was to describe outcomes and investigate factors affecting prognosis at 1 year post intervention for infants with surgical necrotising enterocolitis (NEC).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Using the British Association of Paediatric Surgeons Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, we conducted a prospective, multicentre cohort study of every infant reported to require surgical intervention for NEC in the UK and Ireland between 1 March 2013 and 28 February 2014. Association of independent variables with 1-year mortality was investigated using multivariable logistic regression analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>All 28 paediatric surgical centres in the UK and Ireland.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Patients<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Infants were eligible for inclusion if they were diagnosed with NEC and deemed to require surgical intervention, regardless of whether that intervention was delivered.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Outcomes<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Primary outcome was mortality within 1 year of the decision to intervene surgically.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>236 infants were included in the study. 208 (88%) infants had 1-year follow-up. 59 of the 203 infants with known survival status (29%, 95% CI 23% to 36%) died within 1 year of the decision to intervene surgically. Following adjustment, key factors associated with reduced 1-year mortality included older gestational age at birth (adjusted OR (aOR) 0.87, 95% CI 0.78 to 0.96). Being small for gestational age (SGA) (aOR 3.6, 95% CI 1.4 to 9.5) and requiring parenteral nutrition at 28 days post-decision to intervene surgically (aOR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 11.03) were associated with increased 1-year mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Parents of infants undergoing surgery for NEC should be counselled that there is approximately a 1:3 risk of death in the first post-operative year but that the risk is lower for infants who are of greater gestational age at birth, who are not SGA and who do not require parenteral nutrition at 28 days post-intervention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]],"date-time":"2017-11-01T16:28:41Z","timestamp":1509553721000},"page":"F461-F466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["One-year outcomes following surgery for necrotising enterocolitis: a UK-wide cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0575-2733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin Saul Raywood","family":"Allin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Oxford Children\u2019s Hospital, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna-May","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Oxford Children\u2019s Hospital, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Oxford Children\u2019s Hospital, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kokila","family":"Lakhoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery, Oxford Children\u2019s Hospital, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2006.00756.x"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41149","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41149","article-title":"A UK wide cohort study describing management and outcomes for infants with surgical Necrotising Enterocolitis","volume":"7","author":"Allin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.013"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1005408"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0150864","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150864","article-title":"What evidence underlies clinical practice in paediatric surgery? a systematic review assessing choice of study design","volume":"11","author":"Allin","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2010.01.036"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2009.02.013"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2013.11.051","article-title":"Mortality associated with laparotomy-confirmed neonatal spontaneous intestinal perforation: a prospective 5-year multicenter analysis","volume":"49","author":"Fisher","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Surg"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2011.11.032"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2013.11.015"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(16)30117-0","article-title":"Incidence and enteral feed antecedents of severe neonatal necrotising enterocolitis across neonatal networks in England, 2012-13: a whole-population surveillance study","volume":"2","author":"Battersby","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2016.3633","article-title":"Development of a gestational age-specific case definition for neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis","volume":"171","author":"Battersby","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2025090511544075000_103.5.F461.13","unstructured":"Mason DW , Gough K , Lucas MJ , et al . National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcomes and Death (NCEPOD); Are we there yet- a review of organisational and clinical aspects of children\u2019s surgery. London 2011."}],"container-title":["Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313113","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T19:06:14Z","timestamp":1757099174000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/fn.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,16]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313113","relation":{},"ISSN":["1359-2998","1468-2052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1359-2998","type":"print"},{"value":"1468-2052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]}}}