{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T14:16:25Z","timestamp":1768486585629,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]],"date-time":"1980-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":328665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1980,6,1]],"date-time":"1980-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":328665600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,6]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ard.39.3.222","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,28]],"date-time":"2008-07-28T23:49:46Z","timestamp":1217288986000},"page":"222-227","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Formation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in vitro: implications for calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (pseudogout)"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"P.R.","family":"Hearn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.G.G.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780160206","article-title":"Microanalysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) in synovial fluid and plasma","volume":"16","author":"Altman, R.D.; Muniz, O.; Pita, J.C.; Howell, D.S.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Altman, R. D., Muniz, O., Pita, J. C., and Howell, D. S. (1973). Microanalysis of inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) in synovial fluid and plasma. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 16, 171-178.","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1571","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108239","article-title":"Factors affecting solubility of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals","volume":"56","author":"Bennett, R.M.; Lehr, J.R.; McCarty, D.J.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bennett, R. M., Lehr, J. R., and McCarty, D. J. (1975). Factors affecting solubility of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 56, 1571-1579.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196547010-00006","article-title":"Primary articular cartilage calcification with arthritis (pseudogout syndrome)","volume":"47","author":"Bundens, C.W.D.; Brighton, L.C.C.T.; Weitzman, L.C.G.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Bundens, C. W. D., Brighton, L. C. C. T., and Weitzman, L. C. G. (1965). Primary articular cartilage calcification with arthritis (pseudogout syndrome). Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, 47A, 111-122.","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"ref_4","series-title":"Proceedings of the Symposium Studies in Joint Diseases. London Hospital Medical School","article-title":"Crystal deposits in the discs, ligaments, joints and bursae of the spine","author":"Bywaters, E.G.L.; Dykes, E.; Pirie, C.; Reuben, R.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Bywaters, E. G. L., Dykes, E., Pirie, C., and Reuben, R. (1978). Crystal deposits in the discs, ligaments, joints and bursae of the spine. Proceedings of the Symposium Studies in Joint Diseases. London Hospital Medical School."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1373","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108056","article-title":"Inorganic pyrophosphate pool size and turnover rate in arthritic joints","volume":"55","author":"Camerlain, M.; McCarty, D.J.; Silcox, D.C.; Jung, A.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Camerlain, M., McCarty, D. J., Silcox, D. C., and Jung, A. (1975). Inorganic pyrophosphate pool size and turnover rate in arthritic joints. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 55, 1373-1381.","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02062609","article-title":"Ultramicroanalysis of pH, Pco2 and carbonic anhydrase at calcifying sites in cartilage","volume":"7","author":"Cuervo, L.A.; Pita, J.C.; Howell, P.S.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Cuervo, L. A., Pita, J. C., and Howell, P. S. (1971). Ultramicroanalysis of pH, Pco2 and carbonic anhydrase at calcifying sites in cartilage. Calcified Tissue Research, 7, 220-231.","journal-title":"Calcified Tissue Research"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(197605\/06)19:3+<353::AID-ART1780190708>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Diseases associated with CaPPD deposition disease","volume":"19","author":"Hamilton, E.B.D.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Hamilton, E. B. D. (1976). Diseases associated with CaPPD deposition disease. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 19, 353-357.","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"22","author":"Lehr, J.R.; Brown, E.H.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Lehr, J. R., and Brown, E. H. (1967). Chemical Engineering Bulletin 6, May 1967, pp. 22-23. Tennessee Valley Authority: USA.","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Bulletin"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(68)86509-9","article-title":"Physicochemical properties of cartilage in the light of ion exchange theory","volume":"8","author":"Maroudas, A.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Maroudas, A. (1968). Physicochemical properties of cartilage in the light of ion exchange theory. Biophysical Journal, 8, 575.","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal"},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"335","article-title":"Transport of solutes through cartilage: permeability to large molecules","volume":"122","author":"Maroudas, A.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Maroudas, A. (1976). Transport of solutes through cartilage: permeability to large molecules. Journal of Anatomy, 122, 335-347.","journal-title":"Journal of Anatomy"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-56-5-711","article-title":"The significance of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients. The pseudogout syndrome: 1, Clinical aspects","volume":"56","author":"McCarty, D.J.; Kohn, N.N.; Faires, J.S.","year":"1962","unstructured":"McCarty, D. J., Kohn, N. N., and Faires, J. S. (1962). The significance of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in the synovial fluid of arthritis patients. The pseudogout syndrome: 1, Clinical aspects. Annals of Internal Medicine, 56, 711-737.","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"216","article-title":"Inorganic pyrophosphate concentrations in the synovial fluid of arthritic patients","volume":"78","author":"McCarty, D.J.; Solomon, S.D.; Warnock, M.; Paloyan, E.","year":"1971","unstructured":"McCarty, D. J., Solomon, S. D., Warnock, M., and Paloyan, E. (1971). Inorganic pyrophosphate concentrations in the synovial fluid of arthritic patients. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 78, 216-229.","journal-title":"Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(197605\/06)19:3+<275::AID-ART1780190702>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition 1975","volume":"19","author":"McCarty, D.J.","year":"1976","unstructured":"McCarty, D. J. (1976). Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition 1975. Arthritis and Rheumatism, 19, 275-285.","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(78)90015-5","article-title":"Determination of total and unbound Ca in nanoliter samples of cartilage fluid and serum","volume":"90","author":"Pita, J.C.; Blanco, L.N.; Howell, D.S.","year":"1978","unstructured":"Pita, J. C., Blanco, L. N., and Howell, D. S. (1978). Determination of total and unbound Ca in nanoliter samples of cartilage fluid and serum. Analytical Biochemistry, 90, 126-135.","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"899","article-title":"Inorganic pyrophosphate in plasma, urine and synovial fluid of patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy (chondrocalcinosis or pseudogout). Lancet'","volume":"2","author":"Russell, R.G.G.; Bisaz, S.; Fleisch, H.; Currey, H.L.F.; Rubinstein, H.M.; Dietz, A.A.; Boussina, I.; Micheli, A.; Fallet, G.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Russell, R. G. G., Bisaz, S., Fleisch, H., Currey, H. L. F., Rubinstein, H. M., Dietz, A. A., Boussina, I., Micheli, A., and Fallet, G. (1970). Inorganic pyrophosphate in plasma, urine and synovial fluid of patients with pyrophosphate arthropathy (chondrocalcinosis or pseudogout). Lancet' 2, 899-902."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"518","article-title":"Elevated inorganic pyrophosphate concentrations in synovial fluids in osteoarthritis and pseudogout","volume":"83","author":"Silcox, D.C.; McCarty, D.J.","year":"1974","unstructured":"Silcox, D. C., and McCarty, D. J. (1974). Elevated inorganic pyrophosphate concentrations in synovial fluids in osteoarthritis and pseudogout. Journal ofLaboratory and Clinical Medicine, 83, 518-531.","journal-title":"Journal ofLaboratory and Clinical Medicine"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724140964?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724140964?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ard.39.3.222","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T06:33:38Z","timestamp":1737527618000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496724140964"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1980,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496724140964"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.39.3.222","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1980,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Formation of calcium pyrophosphate crystals in vitro: implications for calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease (pseudogout)","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.39.3.222","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1980 \u00a9 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology, EULAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}