{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T10:20:35Z","timestamp":1791973235420,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,9,1]],"date-time":"1989-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":620611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1989,9,1]],"date-time":"1989-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":620611200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,9]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ard.48.9.743","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,28]],"date-time":"2008-07-28T23:49:46Z","timestamp":1217288986000},"page":"743-747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Primary osteoarthritis of the elbow."],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Doherty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Preston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.38.5.423","article-title":"Another look at osteoarthritis","volume":"38","author":"C, Huskisson E.; A, Dieppe P.; K, Tucker A.; B, Cannell","year":"1979","unstructured":"Huskisson E C, Dieppe P A, Tucker A K, Cannell B. Another look at osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1979; 38: 423-8.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.41.4.371","article-title":"arthropathy: a clinical and radiological study of 105 cases","volume":"41","author":"A, Dieppe P.; M, Alexander G.; H, Jones","year":"1982","unstructured":"Dieppe P A, Alexander G M, Jones H, et al. Pyrophosphati. arthropathy: a clinical and radiological study of 105 cases. Ann Rheum Dis 1982; 41: 371-6.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_3","article-title":"Pyrophosphate arthropathy-a clinical study","author":"Doherty, M.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Doherty M. Pyrophosphate arthropathy-a clinical study. Cambridge University, 1987. (MD thesis.)","journal-title":"Cambridge University"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.49B1.175","article-title":"The pattern of ageing of the articular cartilage of the elbow joint","volume":"49","author":"W, Goodfellow J.; G, Bullough P.","year":"1967","unstructured":"Goodfellow J W, Bullough P G. The pattern of ageing of the articular cartilage of the elbow joint. J Bone Joint Surg [Br\/ 1967; 49: 175-81.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Br\/"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1270","article-title":"Degenerative disease of extra-spinal locations","volume-title":"of bone and joint disorders","author":"Resnick, D.; Niwayama, G.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Resnick D, Niwayama G. Degenerative disease of extra-spinal locations. In: Resnick D, Niwayama G, eds. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1981: 1270-367."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"724","article-title":"Les osteo-arthropathies des marteaux pneumatiques","volume":"30","year":"1963","unstructured":"Ravault P P, Roche L, Maitrepierre J, Chaudy J (Lyon). Les osteo-arthropathies des marteaux pneumatiques. Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic 1963; 30: 724-33.","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00378496","article-title":"Bone and joint disorders in the upper extremities of chipping and grinding operators","volume":"59","author":"Bovenzi, M.; Fiorito, A.; Volpe, C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bovenzi M, Fiorito A, Volpe C. Bone and joint disorders in the upper extremities of chipping and grinding operators. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1987; 59: 189-98.","journal-title":"Int Arch Occup Environ Health"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1080\/00039896.1973.10666322","article-title":"Severe osteoarthritis of the elbow in foundry workers","volume":"27","author":"Mintz, G.; Fraga, A.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Mintz G, Fraga A. Severe osteoarthritis of the elbow in foundry workers. Arch Environ Health 1973; 27: 78-80.","journal-title":"Arch Environ Health"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00357896","article-title":"Chronic repetitive trauma: a cause of atypical degenerative joint disease","volume":"10","author":"B, Hellmann D.; A, Helms C.; K, Genant H.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Hellmann D B, Helms C A, Genant H K. Chronic repetitive trauma: a cause of atypical degenerative joint disease. Skeletal Radiol 1983; 10: 236-42.","journal-title":"Skeletal Radiol"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1941.02820330014005","article-title":"Shoulder and elbow lesions of the professional baseball pitcher","volume":"117","author":"E, Bennett G.","year":"1941","unstructured":"Bennett G E. Shoulder and elbow lesions of the professional baseball pitcher. JAMA 1941; 117: 510-5.","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780260211","article-title":"Aiuzann red S staining as a screening test to detect calcium compounds in synovial fluid","volume":"26","author":"Paul, H.; J, Reginato A.; R, Schumacher H.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Paul H, Reginato A J, Schumacher H R. Aiuzann red S staining as a screening test to detect calcium compounds in synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheum 1983; 26: 191-200.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"19","article-title":"Relation between synovial fluid C3 degradation products and local joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and crystal associated arthropathy","volume":"47","author":"Doherty, M.; Richards, N.; Hornby, J.; Powell, R.","year":"1988","unstructured":"Doherty M, Richards N, Hornby J, Powell R. Relation between synovial fluid C3 degradation products and local joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and crystal associated arthropathy. Ann Rheum Dis 1988; 47: 19-7.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330280212","article-title":"Description and classification of degenerative bone changes in the distal joint surfaces of the humerus","volume":"28","author":"J, Ortner D.","year":"1968","unstructured":"Ortner D J. Description and classification of degenerative bone changes in the distal joint surfaces of the humerus. Am J Phys Anthropol 1968; 28: 139-56.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.1330460214","article-title":"Stress and the etiology of osteoarthritis","volume":"46","author":"D, Jurmain R.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Jurmain R D. Stress and the etiology of osteoarthritis. Am J Phys Anthropol 1977; 46: 353-66.","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/S0307-742X(21)00660-3","article-title":"Aetiology of osteoarthritis","author":"L, Radin E.","year":"1976","unstructured":"Radin E L. Aetiology of osteoarthritis. Clin Rheum Dis 1976: 509-22.","journal-title":"Clin Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)92209-4","article-title":"Generalised osteoarthritis: An evolutionary problem?","volume":"i:","author":"W, Hutton C.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Hutton C W. Generalised osteoarthritis: An evolutionary problem? Lancet 1987; i: 1463-5.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800621116","article-title":"Loose bodies in the elbow","volume":"62","author":"S, Bell M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bell M S. Loose bodies in the elbow. BrJ Surg 1975; 62: 921-4.","journal-title":"BrJ Surg"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1019","article-title":"Hand structL e ano function in an industrial setting. Influence of three patterns of stereotyped, repetitive usage","volume":"20","author":"M, Hadler N.; B, Gilings D.; nbus H R, I.","year":"1977","unstructured":"Hadler N M, Gilings D B, I nbus H R, et al. Hand structL e ano function in an industrial setting. Influence of three patterns of stereotyped, repetitive usage. Arthritis Rheum 1977; 20: 1019-25.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90003-X","article-title":"Influence of primary generalised osteoarthritis on development of secondary osteo arthritis","volume":"iu:","author":"Doherty, M.; Watt, I.; A, Dieppe P.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Doherty M, Watt I, Dieppe P A. Influence of primary generalised osteoarthritis on development of secondary osteo arthritis. Lancet 1983; iu: 8-11.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_20","first-page":"161","article-title":"Introduction a l'etude du coude","volume":"20","author":"Ruelle, M.; L, Dubois J.; Debeuckelaere, M.; Raynal, L.","year":"1965","unstructured":"Ruelle M, Dubois J L, Debeuckelaere M, Raynal L. Introduction a l'etude du coude. Journak Belge de Rhumatologie et de Medecine Physique 1965; 20: 161-7.","journal-title":"Journak Belge de Rhumatologie et de Medecine Physique"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780301207","article-title":"Metacarpophalangeal arthropathy associated with manual labor (Missouri metacarpal syndrome)","volume":"30","author":"V, Williams W.; R, Cope; D, Gaunt W.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Williams W V, Cope R, Gaunt W D, et al. Metacarpophalangeal arthropathy associated with manual labor (Missouri metacarpal syndrome). Arthritis Rheum 1987; 30: 1362-71.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"1","article-title":"The metacarpophalangeal joints in interphalangeal osteoarthritis","volume":"108","author":"Martel, W.; W, Snarr J.; R, Horn J.","year":"1973","unstructured":"Martel W, Snarr J W, Horn J R. The metacarpophalangeal joints in interphalangeal osteoarthritis. Diagnostic Radiology 1973; 108: 1-7.","journal-title":"Diagnostic Radiology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.109.3.587","article-title":"A roentgenologically distinctive arthropathy in some patients with the pseudogout syndrome","volume":"109","author":"Martel, W.; K, Champion C.; R, Thompson G.; L, Carter T.","year":"1970","unstructured":"Martel W, Champion C K, Thompson G R, Carter T L. A roentgenologically distinctive arthropathy in some patients with the pseudogout syndrome. American Journal ofRoentgenology, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine 1970; 109: 587-605.","journal-title":"American Journal ofRoentgenology, Radium Therapy and Nuclear Medicine"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.147.2.6300958","article-title":"Hand and wrist arthropathies of hemochromatosis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: distinct radiographic features","volume":"147","author":"C, Adamson T.; S, Resnik C.; J, Guerra; C, Vint V.; H, Wiesman M.; D, Resnick","year":"1983","unstructured":"Adamson T C, Resnik C S, Guerra J, Vint V C, Wiesman M H, Resnick D. Hand and wrist arthropathies of hemochromatosis and calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease: distinct radiographic features. Radiology 1983; 147: 377-81.","journal-title":"Radiology"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724106279?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724106279?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ard.48.9.743","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T07:52:22Z","timestamp":1737445942000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496724106279"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1989,9]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496724106279"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.48.9.743","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1989,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Primary osteoarthritis of the elbow.","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.48.9.743","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1989 \u00a9 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology, EULAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}