{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T09:03:22Z","timestamp":1791277402032,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,12,1]],"date-time":"1996-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":849398400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ard.55.12.870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,28]],"date-time":"2008-07-28T23:49:46Z","timestamp":1217288986000},"page":"870-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Relation between insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations, osteoarthritis, bone density, and fractures in the general population: the Chingford study."],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"M.E","family":"Lloyd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.J","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Nandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.E","family":"McAlindon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.V","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.D","family":"Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Factors involved in the regulation of proteoglycan metabolism in articular cartilage","volume":"32","author":"Morales, T.I.; Hascall, V.C.","year":"1989","unstructured":"Morales TI, Hascall VC. Factors involved in the regulation of proteoglycan metabolism in articular cartilage. Arthritis Rheum 1989;32:1 197-201.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ph.47.030185.002303","article-title":"Actions of insulin-like growth factors","volume":"47","author":"Froesch, E.R.; Schmid, C.; Scwander, J.; Zapf, J.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Froesch ER, Schmid C, Scwander J, Zapf J. Actions of insulin-like growth factors. Annu Rev Physiol 1985; 47:443-67.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Physiol"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880100702","article-title":"Hormonal control of muscle bulk","volume":"10","author":"Florini, JR","year":"1987","unstructured":"Florini JR. Hormonal control of muscle bulk. Muscle Nerve 1987;10:577-98.","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-3-718","article-title":"Somatomedin-C, physical fitness and bone density","volume":"70","author":"Kelly, P.J.; Eisman, J.A.; Stuart, M.C.; Pocock, N.A.; Sambrook, P.N.; Gwinn, T.H.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kelly PJ, Eisman JA, Stuart MC, Pocock NA, Sambrook PN, Gwinn TH. Somatomedin-C, physical fitness and bone density. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:718-23.","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110164","article-title":"Impaired growth hormone in the adult population: relationship to age and adiposity","volume":"67","author":"Rudman, D.; Kutner, M.H.; Rogers, C.M.; Lubin, M.F.; Fleming, G.A.; Bain, R.P.","year":"1981","unstructured":"Rudman D, Kutner MH, Rogers CM, Lubin MF, Fleming GA, Bain RP. Impaired growth hormone in the adult population: relationship to age and adiposity. J Clin Invest 1981;67:1361-9.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone in men aged over 60 years old","volume":"323","author":"Rudman, D.; Feller, A.G.; Hoskote, S.N.; Gergans, G.A.; Lalitha, P.Y.; Goldberg, A.F.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rudman D, Feller AG, Hoskote SN, Gergans GA, Lalitha PY, Goldberg AF, et al. Effects of growth hormone in men aged over 60 years old. NEngl3rMed 1990;323:1-6."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"274","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor-i: a prognostic factor of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"32","author":"Schouten, J.S.A.G.; Van den Ouweland, F.A.; Valkenburg, H.A.; Lamberts, S.W.J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Schouten JSAG, Van den Ouweland FA, Valkenburg HA, Lamberts SWJ. Insulin-like growth factor-i: a prognostic factor of knee osteoarthritis. BrJRheumatol 1993;32:274-80.","journal-title":"BrJRheumatol"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"1217","article-title":"Growth promoting peptides in osteoarthritis: insulin, insulin-like growth factor-i, growth hormone","volume":"17","author":"Denko, C.W.; Boja, B.; Moskowitz, R.W.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Denko CW, Boja B, Moskowitz RW. Growth promoting peptides in osteoarthritis: insulin, insulin-like growth factor-i, growth hormone. JI Rheumatol 1990;17: 1217-21.","journal-title":"JI Rheumatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref_9","first-page":"177","article-title":"Tobin JD Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee. Data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Ageing","volume":"37","author":"Hochberg, M.C.; Lethbridge-Cejku, M.; Scott, W.W.; Reichle, R.; Plato, C.C.","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hochberg MC, Lethbridge-Cejku M, Scott WW, Reichle R, Plato CC, Tobin JD Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I in subjects with osteoarthritis of the knee. Data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Arthritis Rheum 1994;37:1 177-80.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.3.229","article-title":"Levels of insulin related growth factor 1 in osteoarthritis of the knee","volume":"52","author":"McAlindon, T.E.; Teale, J.D.; Dieppe, P.A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"McAlindon TE, Teale JD, Dieppe PA. Levels of insulin related growth factor 1 in osteoarthritis of the knee. Ann Rheum Dis 1993;52:229-31.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1993.tb00740.x","article-title":"Decreased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factors and IGF binding protein 3 in osteoporosis","volume":"234","author":"Wuster, C.; Blum, W.F.; Schlemilch, S.; Ranke, M.B.; Ziegler, R.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wuster C, Blum WF, Schlemilch S, Ranke MB, Ziegler R. Decreased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factors and IGF binding protein 3 in osteoporosis. J Intern Med 1993;234:249-55.","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(90)90133-J","article-title":"25-Hydroxycholecalciferol and insulin like growth factor 1 are determinants of serum concentration of osteocalcin in elderly subjects with and without spinal fractures","volume":"11","author":"Pun, K.K.; Lau, P.; Wong, F.H.W.; Cheng, C.L.; Pun, W.K.; Chow, S.P.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pun KK, Lau P, Wong FHW, Cheng CL, Pun WK, Chow SP, et al. 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol and insulin like growth factor 1 are determinants of serum concentration of osteocalcin in elderly subjects with and without spinal fractures. Bone 1990;11:397-400.","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.1992.tb00550.x","article-title":"Low plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in male patients with idiopathic osteoporosis","volume":"232","author":"Ljunghall, S.; Johansson, A.G.; Burman, P.; Lindh, E.; Karlsson, F.A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Ljunghall S, Johansson AG, Burman P, Lindh E, Karlsson FA. Low plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in male patients with idiopathic osteoporosis. J Intern Med 1992;232:59T64.","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"1218","article-title":"Serum IGF 1 is low and correlated with osteoblastic surface in idiopathic osteoporosis","volume-title":"_7 Bone Miner Res","volume":"10","author":"Reed, B.Y.; Zerwekh, J.E.; Sakhaee, K.; Breslau, N.A.; Gottschalk, F.; Pak, C.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Reed BY, Zerwekh JE, Sakhaee K, Breslau NA, Gottschalk F, Pak C. Serum IGF 1 is low and correlated with osteoblastic surface in idiopathic osteoporosis. _7 Bone Miner Res 1995;10: 1218-24."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-59-4-701","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2: ageing and bone density in women","volume":"59","author":"Bennett, A.E.; Wahner, H.W.; Riggs, B.L.; Hintz, R.L.","year":"1984","unstructured":"Bennett AE, Wahner HW, Riggs BL, Hintz RL. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2: ageing and bone density in women. J Clin EndocrinolMetab 1984;59:701-4.","journal-title":"J Clin EndocrinolMetab"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"331","article-title":"The relationship of obesity, fat distribution and osteoarthritis in women in the general population: the Chingford population","volume":"20","author":"Hart, D.J.; Spector, T.D.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hart DJ, Spector TD. The relationship of obesity, fat distribution and osteoarthritis in women in the general population: the Chingford population. Jf Rheumatol 1993;20:331-5.","journal-title":"Jf Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref_17","article-title":"A radiographic adas of knee osteoarthritis","author":"Spector, T.D.; Cooper, C.; Cushnaghan, J.; Hart, D.J.; Dieppe, P.A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Spector TD, Cooper C, Cushnaghan J, Hart DJ, Dieppe PA. A radiographic adas of knee osteoarthritis. London: Springer Verlag, 1992."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.11.790","article-title":"Definition of osteoarthritis of the knee for epidemiological studies","volume":"52","author":"Spector, T.D.; Hart, D.J.; Byrne, J.; Harris, P.A.; Dacre, J.E.; Doyle, D.V.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Spector TD, Hart DJ, Byrne J, Harris PA, Dacre JE, Doyle DV. Definition of osteoarthritis of the knee for epidemiological studies. Ann Rheum Dis 1993;52:790-4.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01623275","article-title":"The assessment of vertebral deformity: a method for use in population studies and clinical trials","volume":"3","author":"McCloskey, E.V.; Spector, T.D.; Eyres, K.S.; Fern, E.D.; O'Rourke, N.; Vasikaram, S.; etal","year":"1993","unstructured":"McCloskey EV, Spector TD, Eyres KS, Fern ED, O'Rourke N, Vasikaram S, etal. The assessment of vertebral deformity: a method for use in population studies and clinical trials. Osteoporosis Int 1993;3:138-47.","journal-title":"Osteoporosis Int"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650080707","article-title":"Prevalence of vertebral fracture in women and the relationship with bone density and symptoms: the Chingford Study","volume":"8","author":"Spector, T.D.; McCloskey, E.V.; Doyle, D.V.; Kanis, J.A.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Spector TD, McCloskey EV, Doyle DV, Kanis JA. Prevalence of vertebral fracture in women and the relationship with bone density and symptoms: the Chingford Study. _7 Bone Miner Res 1993;8:817-23.","journal-title":"_7 Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329002700203","article-title":"Insulin-like growth factor 1 in patients with hypoglycaemia","volume":"27","author":"Labib, M.; Teale, D.; Marks, V.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Labib M, Teale D, Marks V. Insulin-like growth factor 1 in patients with hypoglycaemia. Ann Clin Biochem 1990; 27:107-9.","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"283","article-title":"The fat on the joint: osteoarthritis and obesity","volume":"17","author":"Spector, T.D.","year":"1990","unstructured":"Spector TD. The fat on the joint: osteoarthritis and obesity. J Rheumatol 1990;17:283-4.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.51.4.440","article-title":"Upregulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression in the lesions of osteoarthritic human cartilage","volume":"51","author":"Middleton, J.F.; Tyler, J.A.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Middleton JF, Tyler JA. Upregulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression in the lesions of osteoarthritic human cartilage. Ann Rheum Dis 1992;51:440-7.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1290296","article-title":"The prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis is low in elderly patients with growth hormone deficiency","volume":"129","author":"Bagge, E.; Eden, S.; Rosen, T.; Bengtsson, B.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Bagge E, Eden S, Rosen T, Bengtsson B. The prevalence of radiographic osteoarthritis is low in elderly patients with growth hormone deficiency. Acta Endocrinol 1993; 129:296-300.","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"447","article-title":"The bone mineral density in acquired growth hormone deficiency correlates with circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1","volume":"232","author":"Johansson, A.G.; Burman, P.; Westermark, K.; Ljunghall, S.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Johansson AG, Burman P, Westermark K, Ljunghall S. The bone mineral density in acquired growth hormone deficiency correlates with circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor 1.JIIntern Med 1992;232:447-52."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1530\/acta.0.1260387","article-title":"Potent effect of recombinant growth hormone on bone mineral density and body composition in adults with panhypopituitarism","volume":"126","author":"Degerblad, M.; Elgindy, N.; Hall, K.; Sjoberg, H.E.; Thoren, M.","year":"1992","unstructured":"Degerblad M, Elgindy N, Hall K, Sjoberg HE, Thoren M. Potent effect of recombinant growth hormone on bone mineral density and body composition in adults with panhypopituitarism. Acta Endocrinol 1992;126:387-93.","journal-title":"Acta Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780361209","article-title":"Generalised osteoarthritis associated with increased insulin-like growth factor types I and II and transforming growth factor beta in cortical bone from the iliac crest","volume":"36","author":"Dequeker, J.; Mohan, S.; Finkelman, R.D.; Aerssens, J.; Baylink, D.J.","year":"1993","unstructured":"Dequeker J, Mohan S, Finkelman RD, Aerssens J, Baylink DJ. Generalised osteoarthritis associated with increased insulin-like growth factor types I and II and transforming growth factor beta in cortical bone from the iliac crest. Arthritis Rheum 1993;36:1702-8.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"243","article-title":"Identification and molecular characterisation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP -1, -2, -3, -4, -5 and -6). Prog Growth Factor Res","volume":"3","author":"Shimaskai, S.; Ling, N.","year":"1991","unstructured":"Shimaskai S, Ling N. Identification and molecular characterisation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP -1, -2, -3, -4, -5 and -6). Prog Growth Factor Res 1991;3:243-66."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199502023320506","article-title":"Bone marrow, cytokines and bone remodelling","volume":"332","author":"Manolagas, S.C.; Jilka, R.L.","year":"1995","unstructured":"Manolagas SC, Jilka RL. Bone marrow, cytokines and bone remodelling. N EnglJ Med 1995;332:305-1.","journal-title":"N EnglJ Med"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724001638?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724001638?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ard.55.12.870","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]],"date-time":"2025-01-31T06:22:27Z","timestamp":1738304547000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496724001638"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496724001638"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.55.12.870","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Relation between insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations, osteoarthritis, bone density, and fractures in the general population: the Chingford study.","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.55.12.870","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1996 \u00a9 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology, EULAR. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}