{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T15:08:16Z","timestamp":1770822496776,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]],"date-time":"1998-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":899251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]],"date-time":"1998-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":899251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ard.eular.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,6]],"date-time":"2008-12-06T00:32:33Z","timestamp":1228523553000},"page":"422-424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Parvovirus B19 infection, hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulinaemia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Patrice","family":"Cacoub","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narjis","family":"Boukli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Hausfater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Garbarg-Chenon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascale","family":"Ghillani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Thibault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucile","family":"Musset","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean Marie","family":"Huraux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean-Charles","family":"Piette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib1","first-page":"560","article-title":"Fifth disease: the frequency of joint involvement in adults.","volume":"86","author":"Joseph","year":"1986","journal-title":"NY State J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Hematologic and hematopoietic consequences of B19 parvovirus infection.","volume":"25","author":"Young","year":"1988","journal-title":"Semin Hematol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91096-Q","article-title":"Polyarteritis nodosa and parvovirus B19 infection.","volume":"339","author":"Corman","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92152-0","article-title":"Chronic parvorirus B 19 infection and systemic necrotising vasculitis:opportunistic infection or aetiological agent ?","volume":"343","author":"Finkel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(66)90200-2","article-title":"Cryoglobulinemia: a clinical and laboratory study.","volume":"40","author":"Meltzer","year":"1966","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90390-3","article-title":"Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long term follow-up of 40 patients.","volume":"69","author":"Gorevic","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199211193272104","article-title":"A role for hepatitis C virus infection in type II cryoglobulinemia.","volume":"327","author":"Agnello","year":"1992","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-117-7-573","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia.","volume":"117","author":"Misiani","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341221","article-title":"Antibodies to hepatitis C virus in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia.","volume":"34","author":"Ferri","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(94)90132-5","article-title":"Mixed cryoglobulinemia and hepatitis C virus.","volume":"96","author":"Cacoub","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.6.798","article-title":"Characterization of cryoglobulins by immunoblotting.","volume":"38","author":"Musset","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(74)90852-3","article-title":"Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins.","volume":"57","author":"Brouet","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(84)90086-2","article-title":"Human parvovirus infection in France.","volume":"i","author":"Courouce","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1099\/00222615-25-2-151","article-title":"The prevalence of antibody to human parvovirus B19 in England and Wales.","volume":"25","author":"Cohen","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib15","first-page":"131","article-title":"Cryoglobulinemia in patients with infectious endocarditis.","volume":"19","author":"Hurwitz","year":"1975","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib16","first-page":"175","article-title":"Immune complex cryoglobulinemia in lepromatous leprosy.","volume":"9","author":"Bonomo","year":"1971","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-194709000-00001","article-title":"Kala-azar in american military personnel: report of 30 cases.","volume":"26","author":"Most","year":"1947","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780120202","article-title":"Cold reactive rheumatoid factors in infectious mononucloesis and other diseases.","volume":"12","author":"Capra","year":"1969","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780220506","article-title":"Ruddy S, Mummaw JG, Malawista SE. Lyme arthritis : correlation of serum and cryoglobulin IgM with activity, and serum IgG with remission.","volume":"22","author":"Steere","year":"1979","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-73-4-553","article-title":"Immunologic abnormalities induced by post-perfusion cytomegalovirus infection.","volume":"73","author":"Kantor","year":"1970","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib21","first-page":"65","article-title":"Increased frequency of antibodies to ubiquitous viruses in esential mixed cryoglobulinaemia.","volume":"64","author":"Fiorini","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197706302962605","article-title":"Association between hepatitis B virus and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia.","volume":"296","author":"Levo","year":"1977","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(94)90022-1","article-title":"Cryoglobulinemia in chronic liver diseases: role of hepatitis C virus and liver damage.","volume":"106","author":"Lunel","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840190407","article-title":"Immunological disorders in C virus chronic active hepatitis: a prospective case-control study.","volume":"19","author":"Pawlotsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199304153281511","article-title":"Hepatitis C virus and mixed cryoglobulinemia.","volume":"328","author":"Cacoub","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92154-7","article-title":"Active or recent parvovirus B19 infection in children with Kawasaki disease.","volume":"343","author":"Nigro","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)92725-1","article-title":"Parvovirus B19 and erosive polyarthritis.","volume":"343","author":"Tyndall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.45.10.832","article-title":"Human parvovirus infection in early rheumatoid and inflammatory arthritis.","volume":"45","author":"Cohen","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330901","article-title":"Rheumatological manifestations of human parvovirus B19 infections in adults.","volume":"33","author":"Naides","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)93030-9","article-title":"Polyarteritis nodosa and parvovirus B19.","volume":"344","author":"Leruez-Ville","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib31","first-page":"59","article-title":"Human parvovirus B19 infection in Kawasaki disease. [Letter].","volume":"344","author":"Cohen","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1136\/ard.57.7.422_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)91080-4","article-title":"Human parvovirus B19 infection in Kawasaki disease. [Letter].","volume":"344","author":"Yoto","year":"1994","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724500334?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0003496724500334?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/ard.57.7.422","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T14:42:54Z","timestamp":1737556974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0003496724500334"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S0003496724500334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.57.7.422","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4967"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4967","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Parvovirus B19 infection, hepatitis C virus infection, and mixed cryoglobulinaemia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.57.7.422","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 1998 Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, Published by Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}