{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T11:25:52Z","timestamp":1783337152947,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:title\/>\n               <jats:p>Blunt ocular trauma from a child's plastic foam-covered toy baseball bat caused traumatic optic neuropathy and choroidal rupture in a 9-year-old child. The examination revealed a visual acuity of 6\/60, a relative afferent pupillary defect, optic nerve swelling, commotio retinae and retinal haemorrhages. There was no orbital fracture or intraorbital haematoma on CT scanning. Optical coherence tomography showed macular oedema and disruption of the retinal pigment epithelium and Bruch's membrane. The child was admitted for intravenous methylprednisolone and discharged on topical steroid treatment. At 1\u2005month follow-up, visual acuity had improved to 6\/12. Optic nerve swelling had resolved and the fundus had two crescent-shaped choroidal rupture scars. Choroidal rupture and optic neuropathy can be secondary to indirect trauma, and even when the mechanism of injury is with a piece of equipment designated as suitable for children, serious ocular injury can occur.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-006476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,27]],"date-time":"2012-08-27T14:55:22Z","timestamp":1346079322000},"page":"bcr2012006476","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Choroidal rupture and optic nerve injury with equipment designated as \u2018child-safe\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Petrarca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Ophthalmology, Conquest Hospital, Hastings, UK"},{"name":"2Department of Ophthalmology, King's College Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Saldana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Ophthalmology, Conquest Hospital, Hastings, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006982-198808040-00003"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01248.x"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.eye.6701357"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000074569"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1872","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2008.370","article-title":"Choroidal neovascular membrane complicating traumatic choroidal rupture managed by intravitreal bevacizumab","volume":"23","author":"Yadav","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1996.01890160031006"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.7","first-page":"89","article-title":"Treatment of traumatic optic neuropathy, a case report","volume":"254","author":"Santos","year":"1994","journal-title":"Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0953-4431(99)00014-4"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005173222001"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66552-X"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.02.007"},{"key":"2025082703491063000_2012.aug27_1.bcr2012006476.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu-Wai-Man P Griffiths PG . 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