{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:40:07Z","timestamp":1756284007420,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) is a rare, severe and atypical form of chronic pyelonephritis. It is characterised by destruction of the renal parenchyma and replacement with a chronic inflammatory infiltrate and lipid-laden macrophages resulting in a non-functional kidney. The authors report a case of a 5-year-old boy presented with a history of abdominal pain, malaise, anorexia and weight loss for 2\u2005months. Physical examination revealed a large flank mass and the child was directed to the oncology unit on suspicion of renal tumour. Based on clinical examination and imaging, the presumptive diagnosis of XGPN of the left kidney was made. A left transperitoneal nephrectomy was performed and the histology confirmed the diagnosis. Although rare, XGPN is a clinically important entity that should be considered in the differential diagnosis of an atypical-appearance renal mass in paediatric age.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-006920","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]],"date-time":"2012-12-12T10:37:26Z","timestamp":1355308646000},"page":"bcr2012006920","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as a pseudotumour in a 5-year-old boy"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2012","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Berenguer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Hospital Dr. N\u00e9lio Mendon\u00e7a, Funchal, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Pilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Unit, Hospital Dr. N\u00e9lio Mendon\u00e7a, Funchal, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Department, Hospital Dr. N\u00e9lio Mendon\u00e7a, Funchal, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Hospital Dr. N\u00e9lio Mendon\u00e7a, Funchal, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.5858\/2009-0769-RSR.1","article-title":"Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis","volume":"135","author":"Li","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.2","first-page":"139","article-title":"Uber eigent\u00fcmliche Staphylomykosen der nieren und des pararenalen bindegewebes","volume":"19","author":"Schlagenhaufer","year":"1916","journal-title":"Frankfurt Z Path"},{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.02.068","article-title":"Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in childhood: a critical analysis of 10 cases and of the literature","volume":"70","author":"Zugor","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urology"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2009.09.014"},{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)57559-X","article-title":"Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: a critical analysis of 26 cases and of the literature","volume":"119","author":"Malek","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.6","first-page":"89","article-title":"Tumefactive xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis","volume":"90","author":"Avnet","year":"1963","journal-title":"Amer J Roentgen"},{"key":"2025082700583007000_2012.dec11_1.bcr2012006920.7","first-page":"97","article-title":"Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis","volume":"90","author":"Friedenberg","year":"1963","journal-title":"Amer J Roentgen"},{"unstructured":"Meyrier A . 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