{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T10:40:13Z","timestamp":1756291213119,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fat embolism syndrome (FES) is a continuum of fat emboli. Variants of FES: acute fulminant form and classic FES are postulated to represent two different pathomechanisms. Acute fulminant FES occurs during the first 24\u2005h. It is attributed to massive mechanical blockage pulmonary vasculature by the fat emboli. The classic FES typically has a latency period of 24\u201336\u2005h manifestation of respiratory failure and other signs of fat embolism. Progression of asymptomatic fat embolism with FES frequently represents inadequate treatment of hypovolaemic shock. We present a rare case of two variants of FES evolving in a patient with multiple fractures to emphasis the importance of adequate and appropriate treatment of shock in preventing the development of FES. Since supportive therapy which is a ventilatory support remains as the treatment of FES, it is appropriate to treat FES in the intensive care unit setting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-008631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,10]],"date-time":"2013-04-10T00:21:29Z","timestamp":1365553289000},"page":"bcr2013008631","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Two variants of fat embolism syndrome evolving in a young patient with multiple fractures"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Mohd Yazid","family":"Bajuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudy Reza","family":"Johan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Shukur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082703024852000_2013.apr09_1.bcr2013008631.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-197411000-00008","article-title":"Increasing our knowledge of the pathogenesis of fat embolism: a prospective study of 43 patients with fractured femoral shafts","volume":"2013","author":"Allardyce","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"2025082703024852000_2013.apr09_1.bcr2013008631.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199706000-00001","article-title":"Adult respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonia, and mortality following thoracic injury and a femoral fracture treated either with intramedullary nailing with reaming or with a plate. 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