{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T15:57:23Z","timestamp":1769183843481,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver abscesses are infectious, space occupying lesions in the liver, the two most common abscesses being pyogenic and amoebic. A pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) is a rare condition with a reported incidence of 20 per 100\u2005000 hospital admissions in the western population. The right lobe of the liver is the most common site in both types of liver abscess. Clinical presentation is elusive with complaints of fever, right upper quadrant pain in the abdomen and hepatomegaly with or without jaundice. The aetiology of PLA has changed in the past few decades and may be of biliary, portal, arterial or traumatic origin, but many cases are still cryptogenic. The most common organisms causing PLA are Gram-negative aerobes, especially<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>. Studies have shown a high degree of antimicrobial susceptibility of isolated organism resulting in an overall lower mortality in PLA. Here, we present a case of PLA caused by multidrug-resistant<jats:italic>Citrobacter freundii<\/jats:italic>, which is an unusual organism to be isolated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-008714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]],"date-time":"2013-04-22T14:30:28Z","timestamp":1366641028000},"page":"bcr2013008714","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Multidrug resistant citrobacter: an unusual cause of liver abscess"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Prabhat","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soumik","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepak","family":"Rath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A K","family":"Gadpayle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(88)80623-1","article-title":"Citrobacter meningitis and brain abscess in infancy: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment","volume":"2013","author":"Kline","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.2","first-page":"124","article-title":"\u2018Spontaneous Citrobacter freundii infection in an immunocompetent patient","volume":"2013","author":"Whalen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/2.5.746","article-title":"Citrobacter infections in humans: experience at the Seattle Veterans Administration Medical Center and a review of the literature","volume":"2013","author":"Lipsky","year":"1980","journal-title":"Rev Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.31.5.829","article-title":"In vitro susceptibility of Citrobacter species to various antimicrobial agents","volume":"2013","author":"Samonis","year":"1987","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.47.9.2882-2887.2003","article-title":"Epidemiological risk factors for isolation of ceftriaxone-resistant versus -susceptible citrobacter freundii in hospitalized patients","volume":"2013","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.6","first-page":"258","article-title":"Comparison of antimicrobial susceptibility of Citrobacter freundii isolates in two different time periods","volume":"2013","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.7","first-page":"452","article-title":"Citrobacter freundii, a rare cause of hepatic abscess","volume":"2013","author":"Bretones","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Med Int"},{"key":"2025042707372371000_2013.apr22_1.bcr2013008714.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-200004000-00024","article-title":"Ascending cholangitis as a cause of pyogenic liver abscesses complicated by a gastric submucosal abscess and fistula","volume":"2013","author":"Yamada","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-008714","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T14:37:30Z","timestamp":1745764650000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-008714"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]},"references-count":8,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2013-008714"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-008714","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,22]]}}}