{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T19:42:05Z","timestamp":1788291725909,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Living with fibromyalgia means living with chronic pain, fatigue, sleep disorders and other associated key symptoms. To date, pharmacotherapy generally produces modest benefits. Some observations indicate that the large majority of symptoms of fibromyalgia could be the clinical manifestation of a mild thiamine deficiency due to a dysfunction of the active transport of thiamine from the blood to the mitochondria or to enzymatic abnormalities. Between June and July 2011, we recruited three female patients affected by fibromyalgia. We proceeded with the study of the patients\u2019 history, a physical examination, an evaluation of chronic widespread pain using the Visual Numeric Scale and an evaluation of the fatigue using the Fatigue Severity Scale were also performed. The levels of thiamine and thiamine pyrophosphate in the blood were determined. After the therapy with high doses of thiamine, in the patients, there was an appreciable improvement of the symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,21]],"date-time":"2013-05-21T05:11:13Z","timestamp":1369113073000},"page":"bcr2013009019","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["High-dose thiamine improves the symptoms of fibromyalgia"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Costantini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Immacolata","family":"Pala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Tundo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Matteucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.4065\/mcp.2010.0738","article-title":"Improving the recognition and diagnosis of fibromyalgia","volume":"2013","author":"Arnold","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2009.06.005","article-title":"Neurophysiopathogenesis of fibromyalgia syndrome: a unified hypothesis","volume":"2013","author":"Russel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clinic North Am"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10225","article-title":"Functional magnetic resonance imagic evidence of augmented pain processing in fibromyalgia","volume":"2013","author":"Gracely","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2009.06.004","article-title":"Neuroimaging of fibromyalgia","volume":"2013","author":"Nebel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clinic North Am"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2010.01.030","article-title":"Mitochondrial dysfunction in fibromyalgia and its implication in the pathogenesis of disease","volume":"2013","author":"Cordero","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Clin (Barc)"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costantini A Pala MI . Thiamine and fatigue in inflammatory bowel diseases. An open label pilot study. J Altern Complement Med. Published Online First: 4 Feb 2013. doi:10.1089\/acm.2011.0840","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2011.0840"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.7","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Geneva: Department of Nutrition for Heath and Development, WHO, 1999. Thiamine deficiency and its prevention and control in major emergencies. Report no: WHO\/NHD\/99. 13."},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1998.10718764","article-title":"Fibromyalgia\u2014a hidden Link?","volume":"2013","author":"Monroe","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.9","first-page":"300","article-title":"Alcohol, thiamin and fibromyalgia","volume":"2013","author":"Eisinger","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd3923","article-title":"The placebo response in medicine: minimize, maximize or personalize?","volume":"2013","author":"Enck","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nek009","article-title":"A Review of the biochemistry, metabolism and clinical benefits of thiamin (e) and its derivatives","volume":"2013","author":"Lonsdale","year":"2006","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Altern Med"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1792","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc0809100","article-title":"Mutation in a thiamine-transporter gene and Wernicke's-like encephalopathy","volume":"2013","author":"Kono","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2007.1766","article-title":"Thiamine-dependent processes and treatment strategies in neurodegeneration","volume":"2013","author":"Gibson","year":"2007","journal-title":"Antioxid Redox Signal"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Costantini A Pala MI Colangeli M . Thiamine and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2.BMJ case reports. Published online: 10 January 2013.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2012-007302"},{"key":"2025042707570611000_2013.may20_1.bcr2013009019.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smithline HA Donnino M Greenblatt DJ . Pharmacokinetics of high-dose oral thiamine. Hydrochloride in healthy subjects. BMC Clin Pharmacol 2012;2013.","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6904-12-4"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T14:57:17Z","timestamp":1745765837000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2013-009019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,20]]}}}