{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T21:13:47Z","timestamp":1784582027512,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) originating mostly in the minor salivary glands of the posterior hard and soft palate is characterised by its indolent growth and a slower rate of metastasis. Seldom does the PLGA present an aggressive behaviour and demonstrate distant metastasis, as in the present case where a 73-year-old female patient with a swelling in the maxillary alveolus was diagnosed as PLGA exhibiting high-grade transformation, subsequently metastasizing to the abdomen and lungs. The importance of immunomarkers, c-kit and ki-67 in deciphering the clinical behaviour of this PLGA is highlighted. Distant metastasis to the abdomen has not yet been reported; hence, this case of PLGA emphasises the importance of immunohistochemistry in assessing its aggressiveness and understanding a novel aspect of its pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,8]],"date-time":"2013-05-08T23:55:02Z","timestamp":1368057302000},"page":"bcr2013009633","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of maxillary alveolus metastasising to the abdomen: the role of immunomarkers in diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Aatish","family":"Thennavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakshmi","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghu","family":"Radhakrishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/0030-4220(88)90240-X","article-title":"Tumors of the intraoral minor salivary glands: a demographic and histologic study of 426 cases","volume":"2013","author":"Waldron","year":"1988","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990715)86:2<207::AID-CNCR4>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA): a clinicopathologic study of 164 cases","volume":"2013","author":"Castle","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19840215)53:4<935::AID-CNCR2820530420>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands: a study of 14 cases of a distinct neoplasm","volume":"2013","author":"Evans","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.2002.01439.x","article-title":"Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of the salivary glands with transformation to high-grade adenocarcinoma","volume":"2013","author":"Simpson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.11.027","article-title":"Selective immunohistochemical comparison of polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma and adenoid cystic carcinoma","volume":"2013","author":"Beltran","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1097\/01.MP.0000018973.17736.F8","article-title":"C-kit expression distinguishes salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma from polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma","volume":"2013","author":"Penner","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"2025082800583927000_2013.may08_1.bcr2013009633.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2559.1998.t01-2-00410.x","article-title":"Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma of minor salivary glands. 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