{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T15:40:02Z","timestamp":1745768402039,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2018Legal highs\u2019 are substances of synthetic or natural origin having psychotropic properties. \u2018Legal highs\u2019 are often new and, in many cases, the actual chemical ingredients in a branded product can be changed without notifications and the risks are unpredictable. Acute recreational drug toxicity is a common reason for presentation to both hospital and prehospital medical services. It appears that, generally, the pattern of toxicity associated with \u2018legal highs\u2019 is broadly similar to that seen with classical stimulant recreational drugs such as cocaine, MDMA (3,4 methylenedioxy-N-methyl amphetamine) and amphetamine. Lack of clear literature pertaining to their chemical properties, pharmacology and toxicology makes an evaluation of their effects difficult. We describe a unique case in which consumption of such a substance led to hospital admission and a diagnosis of \u2018lateral medullary stroke\u2019 or \u2018Wallenberg syndrome\u2019. We believe that this is the first described case of a \u2018legal high\u2019 intake linked to a posterior circulation stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009693","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,24]],"date-time":"2013-05-24T05:54:51Z","timestamp":1369374891000},"page":"bcr2013009693","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["\u2018Legal high\u2019 associated Wallenberg syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Alok","family":"Arora","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Naeem","family":"Raza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.1","unstructured":"http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20100419081707\/http:\/\/www.talktofrank.com\/atoz.aspx (accessed 7 Apr 2013)."},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.2","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/119139\/acmdnps2011.pdf (accessed 7 Apr 2013)."},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medcli.2009.06.020","article-title":"Wallenberg syndrome and cannabis consumption (Spanish article)","volume":"2013","author":"Escolar Martinez-Berganza","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Clin (Barc)"},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.4","unstructured":"Courtesy Google images for cartoons of Herbal haze and general information re \u2018Legal Highs\u2019. http:\/\/www.skunkrevolution.com\/herbal-haze-incense-\u2014;1g-913-p.asp (accessed 7 May 2013)."},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.5","unstructured":"http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20100419081707\/http:\/\/www.talktofrank.com\/article.aspx?id=3607 (accessed 7 Apr 2013)."},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.6","unstructured":"http:\/\/naturaldatabase.therapeuticresearch.com (accessed 7 Apr 2013)."},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.09.016","article-title":"Anti-aromatase activity of the constituents from damiana (Turnera diffusa)","volume":"2013","author":"Zhao","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711104020122","article-title":"\u2018Legal highs\u2019\u2014new players in the old drama","volume":"2013","author":"Zawliska","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Drug Abuse Rev"},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2011.645952","article-title":"\u2018Legal highs\u2019-novel and emerging psychoactive drugs: a chemical overview for the toxicologist","volume":"2013","author":"Gibbons","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"key":"2025042708030637000_2013.may23_1.bcr2013009693.10","first-page":"613","article-title":"Legal highs toxicity\u2013symptomatology and clinical diagnosis in case series","volume":"2013","author":"Lukasik-Glenbock","year":"2010","journal-title":"Przegl Lek"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009693","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T15:03:13Z","timestamp":1745766193000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009693"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2013-009693"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009693","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,23]]}}}