{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T17:20:56Z","timestamp":1787678456203,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eagle syndrome (symptoms associated with an elongated styloid process (SP)) is commonly divided into two presentations. First, the so-called classic Eagle syndrome where patients can present with unilateral sore throat, dysphagia, tinnitus, unilateral facial and neck pain and otalgia. Second, there is the vascular or stylocarotid form of Eagle syndrome in which the elongated SP is in contact with the extracranial internal carotid artery. We describe two cases of internal carotid artery dissection associated with an elongated SP. One is a patient with ischaemic stroke and another with transient ischaemic attacks caused by an elongated SP. A surgical resection of the SP was performed on the former patient. Both patients were treated with anticoagulation and recovered well. A literature search only revealed two prior descriptions of carotid dissection in the context of an elongated SP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-009878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,12]],"date-time":"2013-06-12T02:04:32Z","timestamp":1371002672000},"page":"bcr2013009878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Internal carotid dissection caused by an elongated styloid process (Eagle syndrome)"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2013","author":[{"given":"Olafur","family":"Sveinsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Kostulas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"Herrman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.8.1886","article-title":"Carotid artery dissection due to elongated styloid process","volume":"2013","author":"Zuber","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrl.2010.04.001","article-title":"Eagle syndrome and carotid dissection","volume":"2013","author":"Cano","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurolog\u00eda"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1958.00730010178007","article-title":"Elongated styloid process; symptoms and treatment","volume":"2013","author":"Eagle","year":"1958","journal-title":"AMA Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100083699","article-title":"The styloid process syndrome: aetiological factors and surgical management","volume":"2013","author":"Moffat","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1970.00770040654013","article-title":"Styloid process variation. Radiologic and clinical study","volume":"2013","author":"Kaufman","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/13491574","article-title":"Elongated styloid process: when is it really elongated?","volume":"2013","author":"Jung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1948.00690030654006","article-title":"Elongated styloid process: further observation and a new syndrome","volume":"2013","author":"Eagle","year":"1948","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/00001665-200211000-00007","article-title":"Eagle's syndrome: importance of a corrected diagnosis and adequate surgical treatment","volume":"2013","author":"Mortellaro","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000503300110","article-title":"Incidence of the type and calcification patterns in patients with elongated styloid process","volume":"2013","author":"Ilguy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.10","first-page":"1","article-title":"The symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of the elongated styloid process","volume":"2013","author":"Eagle","year":"1962","journal-title":"Am Surg"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198508000-00018","article-title":"Elongated styloid process syndrome: intraoral versus external approach for styloid surgery","volume":"2013","author":"Strauss","year":"1985","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"2025082701511770000_2013.jun11_1.bcr2013009878.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1086057","article-title":"Surgical treatment of elongated styloid process: experience of 61 cases","volume":"2013","author":"Ceylan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Skull Base"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009878","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T08:51:31Z","timestamp":1756284691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009878"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2013-009878"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2013-009878","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,11]]}}}