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Subsequently, the images were reviewed, with the conclusion that they were actually of an engorged azygos vein compressing the oesophagus. MRI confirmed the absence of mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the presence of a prominent hemiazygos vein compressing the oesophagus. This case highlights the importance of including anatomical abnormalities in the differential diagnosis and reassessing patients when the history and investigations do not correlate.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-204299","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,24]],"date-time":"2014-12-24T14:19:55Z","timestamp":1419430795000},"page":"bcr2014204299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An unusual cause for a relatively common radiographic abnormality"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Anand","family":"Odedra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection and Immunity, Barts Health Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Farrugia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department, Barts Health Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zahir","family":"Babiker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infection, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.1","first-page":"908","article-title":"A case of interruption of the inferior vena cava with azygos continuation accompanied by anomalies of tracheobronchial branching","volume":"32","author":"Okouchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2010.00455.x"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196805162782003","article-title":"Dilated azygos and hemiazygos veins presenting as paravertebral intrathoracic masses","volume":"20","author":"Castellino","year":"1968","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.4","first-page":"3978","article-title":"A dilated tortuous tributary vein to the hemiazygos vein seen first as an unusual inferior posterior mediastinal mass","volume":"62","author":"Sparger","year":"1962","journal-title":"N Y State J Med"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v5.i9.450"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.6","first-page":"228","article-title":"Isolated interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation mimicking paraesophageal lymph node enlargement","volume":"65","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2006","journal-title":"Monaldi Arch Chest Dis"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.80.5.638"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.8","first-page":"656","article-title":"Dilatation of the azygos vein: an unusual cause of pulmonary mass","volume":"15","author":"Ortiz","year":"1998","journal-title":"An Med Interna"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr\/13695502"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2004.034645"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.104.2.452","article-title":"Plain film findings in azygous continuation of the inferior vena cava","volume":"104","author":"Berden","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Roentenol"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1951.63670140009011g"},{"key":"2025082803141578000_2014.dec24_1.bcr2014204299.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198408000-00038"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2014-204299","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:14:24Z","timestamp":1756376064000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2014-204299"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,24]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2014-204299"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2014-204299","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,24]]}}}