{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:37:38Z","timestamp":1787017058887,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We present an extremely rare case of empyema necessitatis secondary to\n                    <jats:italic>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection. A 58-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a painful skin rash on the right thorax. Three fistulas communicating with the pleural space were found. Since she did not show a clinical improvement despite antituberculous and antibacterial treatment, we looked for other causes. Pleural fungus culture showed\n                    <jats:italic>A. fumigatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    and chest wall biopsy revealed numerous fungal hyphae. Treatment with necrotic tissue debridement and antifungal agents was successful.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-206047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]],"date-time":"2014-12-01T12:22:00Z","timestamp":1417436520000},"page":"bcr2014206047","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Empyema necessitatis due to\n                    <i>Aspergillus fumigatus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Hyun Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yeon Wook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaeyoung","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang-Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Empyema necessitatis","volume":"6","author":"Sindel","year":"1940","journal-title":"Bull Seaview Hosp"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000110625.41967.cc"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1684\/ejd.2010.0809","article-title":"Empyema necessitatis revisited","volume":"20","author":"Llamas-Velasco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Dermatol"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/shorts.2011.010117"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.130.1.164"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972307085637"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.36.10.745"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejim.2005.04.007"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.1702520"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00989-08"},{"key":"2025082701514606000_2014.dec01_1.bcr2014206047.11","unstructured":"Lee WS , Jean SS , Bai KJ , et al . 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