{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T10:10:10Z","timestamp":1756375810205,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We report the first case of genital tuberculosis (TB) occurring in tunica albuginea (TA) and tunica vaginalis (TV) presenting as acute hydrocoele. A 35-year-old man presented with acute onset left scrotal swelling. Physical examination revealed left hemiscrotal swelling with overlying skin erythema and tenderness. Surgical exploration was carried out due to increasing pain and per operatively found thickened TA and TV with a single small nodule on TA. Histopathology revealed typical granuloma formation, however, no <jats:italic>Mycobacterium<\/jats:italic> was seen. Subsequent Ziehl-Neelsen stain on separate tissue specimen confirmed the presence of acid-fast bacilli. Based on these findings, antituberculous treatment was started involving daily isoniazid (INH), rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide for 2\u2005months and further INH and rifampicin for further 4\u2005months.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2014-207744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]],"date-time":"2015-09-07T09:38:54Z","timestamp":1441618734000},"page":"bcr2014207744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Isolated tuberculosis of tunica albuginea and tunica vaginalis presenting as acute hydrocoele: a diagnostic dilemma"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Salma","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Memon Medical Institute, Karachi, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Haroon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, 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