{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,23]],"date-time":"2025-09-23T13:29:52Z","timestamp":1758634192002,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The safety of laser pointers is a major public health issue since class I and II laser pointers are available worldwide and used as toys by children despite several reports cautioning such use. Here we present the first case of retinal injury caused by the laser beam of a toy laser pointer operated by a school boy and directed via the rear-view mirror of a bus into the eye of the driver. This case emphasises the great importance of cautious and appropriate use of low-energy laser pointers. Laser pointers of any class should not be made available to children because they are unlikely to understand the risks of such lasers when using them in play.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2015-210311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T07:48:05Z","timestamp":1444031285000},"page":"bcr2015210311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Retinal damage induced by mirror-reflected light from a laser pointer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Solon","family":"Thanos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R R","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Experimental Ophthalmology, Westphalian Wilhelms University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Meyer zu H\u00f6rste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter-Fritz","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Forensic Medicine, Westphalian Wilhelms University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79359-4","article-title":"Laser pointers: the facts, media hype, and hysteria","volume":"351","author":"Mensah","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.2","first-page":"273","article-title":"Photic maculopathy by low energy laser beam. A case report","volume":"14","author":"Chen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.5647"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-010-0876-z"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kandari JA , Raizada S , Razzak AA . Accidental laser injury to the eye. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2010:1\u20135. doi:10.3928\/15428877-20100215-26 doi:10.3928\/15428877-20100215-26","DOI":"10.3928\/15428877-20100215-26"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(98)00254-2"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.123.5.629"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-011-0031-5"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2006.00804.x"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.10","first-page":"285","article-title":"Laser pointers: toys, nuisances, or significant eye hazards?","volume":"70","author":"Yolton","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"2025081104400665000_2015.oct05_1.bcr2015210311.11","unstructured":"Blatte P . Das unterschatzte Gefahrdungspotential von Laserpointern [The underestimated hazard potential of laser pointers] METinfo 2011;18(2)."}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-210311","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T11:40:15Z","timestamp":1754912415000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-210311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]},"references-count":11,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2015-210311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2015-210311","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]]}}}