{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T03:21:46Z","timestamp":1777432906851,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 6-day-old term neonate who was intubated on day 1 of life for apnoeic episodes, was transferred to the regional paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) for specialist opinion following 3 failed extubations in the neonatal unit.<jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>congenital pneumonia was diagnosed and the child discharged to the local hospital. Chest radiographs and inflammatory markers were in keeping with infection. However, ongoing difficulties with secretions necessitated readmission to the PICU, following a significant cyanotic episode associated with coughing. On arrival at the PICU, a large leak around the endotracheal tube (ETT) was noted. On direct laryngoscopy, the ETT was found correctly positioned, through the cords, but air was noted to be coming back from the oesophagus. Advancing the ETT towards the carina terminated the leak and raised the suspicion of a tracheo-oesophageal fistula. An H-type tracheo-oesophageal fistula was confirmed on bronchoscopy. An uneventful fistula repair was performed and the baby discharged from the PICU on day 23 of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-215419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]],"date-time":"2016-06-29T21:28:24Z","timestamp":1467235704000},"page":"bcr2016215419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Incidental diagnosis of an H-type tracheo-oesophageal fistula"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Donnelly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"McVea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Flannigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjeev","family":"Bali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.1","unstructured":"Rothenberg SS . Tracheo-oesophageal Fistula. BMJ Best Practice. London: BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. 2014. http:\/\/bestpractice.bmj.com\/best-practice\/monograph\/760.html (accessed 26 Jun 2016)."},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pachl M , de la Hunt MN , Jawaheer G , et al. Key clinical topics in paediatric surgery. London: JP Medical Ltd, 2014.","DOI":"10.5005\/jp\/books\/12296_86"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.3","unstructured":"Gross RE . The surgery of infancy and childhood. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co., 1954."},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.4","unstructured":"Sharma S , Duerksen D . Tracheoesophageal fistula. Medscape. http:\/\/emedicine.medscape.com\/article\/186735-overview (accessed 10 Feb 2016)."},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3468(97)90503-0"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelson M , Green G , Ohye RG , et al . Paediatric tracheal anomalies. Cummings otolaryngology. Saunders, 2015.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-35671-8.00027-X"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-016-3873-6"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2006.01.074"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2014.04.011"},{"key":"2025042703405323000_2016.jun29_1.bcr2016215419.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v6.i10.482"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-215419","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,27]],"date-time":"2025-04-27T10:40:58Z","timestamp":1745750458000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-215419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]]},"references-count":10,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2016-215419"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-215419","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,29]]}}}