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Pathological examination of the purulent material obtained from his subcutaneous lesions, as well as transbronchial tissue specimens obtained by biopsy, revealed beaded and branching Gram-positive rods, subsequently identified by 16S RNA sequencing to be<jats:italic>Nocardia abscessus<\/jats:italic>species. We observed an excellent therapeutic response to a combination antimicrobial therapy with resolution of the subcutaneous, pulmonary and central nervous system (CNS) lesions. Infections caused by<jats:italic>N. abscessus<\/jats:italic>are rare and typically occur in immunocompromised patients. In this article, we will review the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of<jats:italic>N. abscessus<\/jats:italic>infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-215649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T14:53:26Z","timestamp":1469026406000},"page":"bcr2016215649","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Unusual presentation of disseminated<i>Nocardia abscessus<\/i>infection in a patient with AIDS"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2016","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Sherbuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Saly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Barakat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Onyema","family":"Ogbuagu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025042703465624000_2016.jul20_1.bcr2016215649.1","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS). 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