{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:14:36Z","timestamp":1782976476522,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Intra-articular administration of corticosteroids is a commonly used treatment for osteoarthritis as well as other inflammatory disorders of the joints. It is well known that delirium and psychosis can arise following the administration of oral corticosteroids but there are few documented cases of the development of acute hyperactive delirium with psychosis following intra-articular administration. We describe a case of an 82-year-old female patient with moderate dementia who developed a delirium with psychosis which responded well to a first-generation antipsychotic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T11:10:22Z","timestamp":1487157022000},"page":"bcr2016217483","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Hyperactive delirium following administration of intra-articular corticosteroid"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Leona","family":"Lally","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Galway Roscommon Mental Health Service, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geraldine","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sligo Leitrim Mental Health Service, Sligo, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karena","family":"Meehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Galway Roscommon Mental Health Service, Galway, Ireland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fifth Edition. 5th edn. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2013.","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.neuropsych.13.2.229"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1041610297003943"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706736","article-title":"How corticosteroids control inflammation: Quintiles Prize Lecture 2005","volume":"148","author":"Barnes","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/81.10.1361"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004714-200202000-00009"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.7","unstructured":"Medicines and Healthcare Product Regulatory Agency (MHRA). http:\/\/www.mhra.gov.uk"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.11.926a","article-title":"Steroid psychosis after an intra-articular injection","volume":"59","author":"Robinson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.9","first-page":"15","article-title":"The effect of intra-articular injection of cortisone acetate and of hydrocortisone acetate in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"12","author":"Dixon","year":"1953","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(95)00031-3"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.6.571"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(85)90068-8"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afu022"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510260066030"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001772","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2012-001772","article-title":"Delirium in an adult acute hospital population: predictors, prevalence and detection","volume":"3","author":"Ryan","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.17","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence\u2014NICE. Delirium: diagnosis, prevention and management. July 2010. http:\/\/publications.nice.org.uk\/delirium-cg103"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.2.231"},{"key":"2025082700370924000_2017.feb15_1.bcr2016217483.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1016811222688"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-217483","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:37:18Z","timestamp":1756280238000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-217483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2016-217483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2016-217483","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]}}}