{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T01:18:55Z","timestamp":1768439935668,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trichilemmal carcinoma (TC) is described as a very rare cancer of the skin adnexa.<jats:sup>1 2<\/jats:sup> Ninety per cent of the lesions present on the scalp. Prognostic factors in TC are limited to lymph node status and surgical margins, with no statistical significance observed for age or gender of the patient, size of tumour or locoregional recurrence. We present a 46-year-old black patient who developed TC during treatment for breast cancer. Postoperative histology of the scalp lesion excision confirmed no involved margins. At the three monthly appointment, the patient was reviewed and multiple, new scalp lesions were noted. A CT scan of the head, neck found multiple lesions on the scalp, limited to the soft tissue, not involving the outer table of the skull. There was bilateral invasion of the parotid glands. To the best of our knowledge, no syndromes or associations between breast cancer and adnexal skin tumours exist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217661","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T07:39:22Z","timestamp":1479713962000},"page":"bcr2016217661","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Metastatic trichilemmal carcinoma in a patient with breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2016","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3438-508X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chrysis","family":"Sofianos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nkhensani Y","family":"Chauke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Grubnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800571739000_2016.nov21_1.bcr2016217661.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.1993.tb01248.x"},{"key":"2025082800571739000_2016.nov21_1.bcr2016217661.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilkie MD , Munir N , Roland NJ , et al . 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