{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,28]],"date-time":"2025-04-28T04:02:05Z","timestamp":1745812925095,"version":"3.40.4"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Strongyloides stercoralis<\/jats:italic>infection is usually asymptomatic but can result in a hyperinfection syndrome, most commonly triggered by acquired or iatrogenic immunosuppression. Here, we present a case of a man aged 60 years originally from a strongyloides endemic area with a medical history of alcohol abuse who presents with strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome (SHS) complicated by partial small bowel obstruction, pulmonary haemorrhage, large bandemia without eosinophilia and cardiac arrest resulting in death. This case is notable for the presence of bandemia and absence of eosinophilia, lack of historical risk factors for hyperinfection, specifically corticosteroid immunosuppressants, and dramatic decline in clinical status which ultimately resulted in the patient's death. Clinicians should suspect SHS in immunocompetent patients who are from an endemic area and who have persistent gastrointestinal and\/or pulmonary manifestations in the absence of a clear cause.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-217911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]],"date-time":"2017-03-22T16:01:50Z","timestamp":1490198510000},"page":"bcr2016217911","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome in an immunocompetent host resulting in bandemia and death"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Aung","family":"Myint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Courtney","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Almira-Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7670-7078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nupur","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.1","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1K302"},{"key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.2","first-page":"843","article-title":"Notes from the field: strongyloidiasis in a rural setting\u2014Southeastern Kentucky, 2013","volume":"62","author":"Center for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2013","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0000717"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.4","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003018"},{"key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.2.309","article-title":"Eosinophilia in Southeast Asian refugees: evaluation at a referral center","volume":"155","author":"Nutman","year":"1987","journal-title":"SOJ Infect Dis"},{"key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6433a8","article-title":"Notes from the field: increase in reports of strongyloides infection\u2014Los Angeles county, 2013\u20132014","volume":"64","author":"Croker","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.7","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.1031698"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2008.01.020"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2006.01443.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.10","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e3283551dbd"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0141-9838.2004.00726.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.12","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.1.208-217.2004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.13","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f4610"},{"key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.11.019","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis hyperinfection presenting as acute respiratory failure and Gram-negative sepsis in a patient with astrocytoma","volume":"13","author":"Shorman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.15","DOI":"10.1007\/s101560200013"},{"key":"2025042705430090000_2017.mar22_1.bcr2016217911.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.477","article-title":"A comparative trial of a single-dose ivermectin versus three days of albendazole for treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis and other soil-transmitted helminth infections in children","volume":"55","author":"Marti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 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