{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T13:08:56Z","timestamp":1760015336728,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study investigated a 51-year-old married man with a history of heroin dependence who underwent methadone maintenance treatment for 7\u2009years. He received traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-facilitated treatments and switched from methadone to buprenorphine\/naloxone. Strong anxiety symptoms were observed during the initial stage; therefore, we prescribed a combination of Chaihu-Shugan-San, Zhi Bai Di Huang and Chin-Gin-Kuan-Ming decoction as the major herbal synergic regimen to relieve the symptoms of opioid withdrawal, anxiety and insomnia. During the treatment course, no precipitating withdrawal syndromes were noted, and the subject was gradually relieved of his anxiety symptoms through continual TCM treatments. In conclusion, TCM is effective in facilitating the switch from methadone to buprenorphine\/naloxone and relieving anxiety symptoms. Therefore, focus on TCM-facilitated treatments for heroin dependence should be increased.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-220815","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,10]],"date-time":"2017-11-10T01:55:15Z","timestamp":1510278915000},"page":"bcr-2017-220815","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Traditional Chinese medicine-facilitated treatments may relieve anxiety symptoms during drug switching from methadone to buprenorphine\/naloxone for treating opioid dependence"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2017","author":[{"given":"Kai-Chiang","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen, Chinese Medicine, and Kunming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han-Ting","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen, Chinese Medicine, and Kunming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuh-Hsiang","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen, Chinese Medicine, and Kunming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung-Hua","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Medicine, Taipei City Hospital, Linsen, Chinese Medicine, and Kunming Branch, Taipei, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Traditional Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micinf.2017.01.002","article-title":"Heroin use is associated with lower levels of restriction factors and type I interferon expression and facilitates HIV-1 replication","volume":"19","author":"Zhu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbes Infect"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10826089609045806"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1994.tb00897.x"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2003.00352.x"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990903377146","article-title":"A study on Fu-Yuan Pellet, a traditional chinese medicine formula for detoxification of heroin addictions","volume":"35","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990802013409"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.7","unstructured":"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. 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Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health, 2016. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMH0089424\/pdf\/PubMedHealth_PMH0089424.pdf."},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13238","article-title":"Long-term outcomes after randomization to buprenorphine\/naloxone versus methadone in a multi-site trial","volume":"111","author":"Hser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.2147\/SAR.S75796","article-title":"Parenthood and opioid dependence","volume":"6","author":"Pihkala","year":"2015","journal-title":"Subst Abuse Rehabil"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2006.01367.x"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60786-1","article-title":"Effects of education on harm-reduction programmes","volume":"379","author":"Lyu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874473711205010052"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0042-109393","article-title":"Efficacy of Full \u00b5-Opioid Receptor Agonists is not Impaired by Concomitant Buprenorphine or Mixed Opioid Agonists\/Antagonists - Preclinical and Clinical Evidence","volume":"66","author":"van Niel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Res"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1097\/ADM.0000000000000247","article-title":"The Availability of Ancillary Counseling in the Practices of Physicians Prescribing Buprenorphine","volume":"10","author":"Barry","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Addict Med"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(03)00060-7"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.064","article-title":"Anxiety disorders are associated with early onset of heroin use and rapid transition to dependence in methadone maintained patients","volume":"245","author":"Karsinti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2880-14.2015"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.125351","article-title":"Effects of Wen Dan Tang on insomnia-related anxiety and levels of the brain-gut peptide Ghrelin","volume":"9","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2014.01.004","article-title":"The effect of Chaihu-Shugan-San and its components on the expression of ERK5 in the hippocampus of depressed rats","volume":"152","author":"Qiu","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"key":"2025082800313479000_2017.nov09_1.bcr-2017-220815.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1340","DOI":"10.1111\/jphp.12616","article-title":"Neurological mechanism of Xiaochaihutang\u2019s antidepressant-like effects to socially isolated adult rats","volume":"68","author":"Ma","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharmacol"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-220815","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T07:31:45Z","timestamp":1756366305000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-220815"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2017-220815"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-220815","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1757-790X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,9]]}}}