{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T08:27:52Z","timestamp":1789979272446,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"BMJ","content-domain":{"domain":["bmj.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC), which consists of a short exposure to very cold and dry air in special \u2018cryo-chambers\u2019, is believed to reduce inflammation and musculoskeletal pain as well as improve athletes\u2019 recovery. This is the case of a 63-year-old male, who presented with transient global amnesia (TGA) after undertaking a WBC session. TGA is a clinical syndrome characterised by a sudden onset of anterograde amnesia, sometimes coupled with a retrograde component, lasting up to 24\u2009hours without other neurological deficits. Even though the patient completely recovered, as expected, in 24\u2009hours, this case highlights that WBC is potentially not as risk free as thought to be initially. To conclude, before WBC can be medically recommended, well-conducted studies investigating the possible adverse events are required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-221431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]],"date-time":"2017-10-13T05:15:32Z","timestamp":1507871732000},"page":"bcr-2017-221431","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Transient global amnesia following a whole-body cryotherapy session"],"prefix":"10.1136","volume":"2017","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2380-105X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Justin","family":"Carrard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Spitalzentrum Biel AG, Biel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Chantal","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spitalzentrum Biel AG, Biel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Genn\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Spitalzentrum Biel AG, Biel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"239","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.1","unstructured":"Yamauchi T , Kim S , Nogami S , et al . Extreme cold treatment (\u2212150 \u00b0C) on the whole body in rheumatoid arthritis. Europ\u00e4ischer Kongress f\u00fcr Rheumatologie 1981. Abstract N\u00b0 1054."},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S41655","article-title":"Whole-body cryotherapy: empirical evidence and theoretical perspectives","volume":"5","author":"Bleakley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Access J Sports Med"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/jebm.12187","article-title":"Cochrane review: whole-body cryotherapy (extreme cold air exposure) for preventing and treating muscle soreness after exercise in adults","volume":"9","author":"Costello","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Evid Based Med"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.00258","article-title":"Whole-body cryotherapy in athletes: from therapy to stimulation. An updated review of the literature","volume":"8","author":"Lombardi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12557","article-title":"Whole-body cryostimulation (cryotherapy) provides benefits for fatigue and functional status in multiple sclerosis patients. A case-control study","volume":"134","author":"Miller","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/404259","article-title":"Can whole-body cryotherapy with subsequent kinesiotherapy procedures in closed type cryogenic chamber improve BASDAI, BASFI, and some spine mobility parameters and decrease pain intensity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis?","volume":"2015","author":"Stanek","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/11531940-000000000-00000"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.8","first-page":"295","article-title":"Effectiveness of different cryotherapies on pain and disease activity in active rheumatoid arthritis. A randomised single blinded controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Hirvonen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2014.12.001","article-title":"Transient global amnesia","volume":"90","author":"Arena","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1580\/1080-6032(1998)009[0153:ADCWIA]2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Amnesia during cold water immersion: a case report","volume":"9","author":"Castellani","year":"1998","journal-title":"Wilderness Environ Med"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1982.00510220003001"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.12","unstructured":"National Stroke Association. Transient ischemic attack (TIA): prognosis and key management considerations. https:\/\/www.stroke.org\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/tia-abcd2-tool.pdf."},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.13","unstructured":"Heart coronary heart disease (10-year risk). https:\/\/www.framinghamheartstudy.org\/risk-functions\/coronary-heart-disease\/hard-10-year-risk.php"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.14","unstructured":"GSLA risk caculator. http:\/\/www.gsla.ch\/calcul-du-risque\/calculateur-de-risque-du-gsla"},{"key":"2025082805261687000_2017.oct12_1.bcr-2017-221431.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2008.08.022"}],"container-title":["BMJ Case Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-221431","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T12:26:24Z","timestamp":1756383984000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/casereports.bmj.com\/lookup\/doi\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-221431"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.1136\/bcr-2017-221431"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bcr-2017-221431","relation":{},"ISSN":["1757-790X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1757-790X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,13]]}}}